Basic LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Basic LAW - Essay Example The business that has been decided to be set up is that of transport business. This business operation will deal with lending car on rental basis to the tourists’ companies which operates with planning trips for the tourists. Australia is an attractive location for the tourists and thus holds good scope for the business. The cars will be bought new for providing them on rental to the tourists’ companies. The business will operate on the type of â€Å"sole trader†. Thus the aim of this paper is to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of sole trading business along with the other forms for comparing and thus to justify this choice of the business form. The name of the business would be â€Å"Lark Travels†. Lark is the name of a songbird. The benefits and the drawbacks of registering names for business will also be evaluated in this paper. Sole Trader Business: Advantages, Disadvantages, Legal Requirements and Liabilities of the Party Sole trader which h as been selected as the form of the business is known to be as the most inexpensive and the simplest structure to be set up. The best way to have a business name is to have it by the trader’s own name; otherwise the trader needs to register the business name with Consumer Affairs Victoria. The sole trader holds the entire liability of the business. The liability holding does not vary in case if the business is registered with a name other than his or her name. An income declaration is essential to be included by the sole trader; the income which is earned from the business. A business plan is required in case the sole trader is opting for taking loan from any of the financial institutions. The tax is paid by the sole trader at a rate of personal tax, although he or she may be required to pay provisional tax. The liability of sole trader business is unlimited and can even broaden up to sole trader’s personal assets inclusive of any assets which are owned jointly with an other person. The advantage of sole trader business is that it bears low fees of establishment. The entire control over the business lies with the sole trader and he enjoys the entire profit from the business. During low business profits, there exist taxation advantages. There is applicability of less legislation in this business form. The only two legislations applicable are Contract Law and Tax Assessment Act. Despite the advantages, the sole trading business can pose as a risk towards the trader’s personal finances. The capital deems limited by the sole trader’s personal assets and also there prevails limited expertise of the trader. He is subjected to unlimited legal liability and he is solely responsible for all the debts and liabilities. At times, it may become hard to ‘pass on ownership’1. Partnership Business: Advantages, Disadvantages, Legal Requirements and Liabilities of the Parties Partnership businesses are similar to the sole trader busin

Engagement Letters Essay Example for Free

Engagement Letters Essay Engagement letters are a great tool to enhance and clarify expectations between CPA’s and their clients. When engagement letters are used consistently, they can help build client relationships. CPA’s can also use them as a marketing tool, letting the client know what services they are being offered, and identifying supplemental services that may be beneficial to them. Such as discussing in the engagement letter for a tax client that tax planning services could be offered with a new signed engagement letter. Professional Standards While the AICPA does not require engagement letters, the standards do discuss establishing an understanding with the client, and it is preferable that this communication be written. Protection from Legal Liability Engagement letters can be a good basis of defense in the event of a malpractice claim. Also, if the intended users are identified in the engagement letter, it can limit those who can sue the CPA for use of the work product in some states. Our firm does not happen to be consistent with getting signed engagement letters before services are performed. Recently, we did some valuation services for one of our larger clients that was quite intensive and took a good deal of time. The client received the information and then the bill. He called and told the CPA that was working with him that he did not ask for the valuation services to be done that he was just asking about such services. This is interesting, since the client forwarded the information necessary to complete the services. However, such confusion could have been avoided had a signed engagement letter been in place for the valuation services. I also really like the idea of using them as a marketing tool. Engagement Letters: Why Use One? Retrieved from http://www. proaccess1. com/downloads/CPA_Engagement_Letters_Why. pdf What is audit risk? Audit risk equals inherent risk times control risk multiplied by detection risk. Inherent and control risk cannot be controlled by the auditor as they are a function of the client and its internal control environment. Detection risk is however a function of the effectiveness of the audit procedures performed. Misstatements that make it through the client’s controls and through the audit would be considered the audit risk.

Nightmares :: essays research papers

Nightmares   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Usually when you end up drifting off to sleep, you fall into a deep sleep and begin to experience a so called dream.† However, most children, and even some adults, experience some even more terrifying so called dreams. These dreams are called nightmares. Nightmares have been occurring in people’s sleep for hundreds of years. People have been interested in them for centuries and they have quite an interesting past to them. People used to believe that the dream anxiety attack was caused by a demon pressing up against a person’s chest during their sleep. They were even considered as a form of black magic, evil affiliation, and even sometimes possession. The sleep cycle comes in a multi-stage cycle. All in all there are five cycles. The first four of the stages is where there is non-rapid eye movement (NREM). As the fifth stage occurs, that is where rapid eyes moment (REM) happens. Nightmares almost always occur in the second half of a persons sleep and it is always followed with an awakening of the individual even if the person doesn’t remember waking up during the night. Nine times out of ten, when people’s brain can’t handle what is going on during the rapid eye movement stage, they wake up very panically and are also very aware of their surroundings. Nightmares are mostly referred to as being a younger persons trouble but you will find that a lot of adults have the problem of nightmares also. The children’s nightmare is very different than the adult’s because the adult’s nightmare is based on the persons fears such as being chased or attacked. The children’s nightmare is more of a fantasy nightmare. Anyone that has a high fever before they go to bed is more likely to suffer from a nightmare. Rapid eye movement will usually wake a person up if they can sense that something bad is going to happen. Most of the time when one has a nightmare, will wake up right before some really bad will happen. the most popular nightmare is when you are actually falling from something that is very high up in the air. It always ends by you waking up right before you are about to hit the ground. It is been proved that no matter how many nightmares that one person will have, not one single nightmare will be exactly the same as any of the others.

How the stimulus material was developed through the drama process

To begin our performances, and even before the groups had been finalised the class received two pieces from the teacher. The first was the general notion of ‘Time passing' and the second was part of a poem: ‘Gather ye rosebuds while ye may Old time is still a-flying; And the same flower that smiles today Tomorrow will be dying.' – Robert Herrick We began a short scene based on the stimuli of the poem. We set up ‘mirror image' scenes. On each side of the scene there was a female, a male (who began off stage) along with an additional character that would try and approach the woman. In one scene the man decided to meet the woman and they went off happily†¦however the man on the other side waited too long and the additional character went on with the female. He did not take the opportunity and lost the woman. The second half of the lesson was spent discussing ideas for a Devised Drama piece. We, as a smaller group, were given the stimulus of an article entitled ‘How to build a time machine'. This evoked serious discussion and developed onto ideas similar to films such as ‘The Butterfly Effect' and ‘Groundhog Day' along with films such as ‘Final Destination' – from which we could take similar ideas. However, in later sessions we soured on ideas taken from this, but did decided to include reliving situations or death. A group member provided the next piece of stimulus. It was a song by The Streets called â€Å"The Irony of it All†, in which there are two ‘characters' a young alcohol drinker and a cannabis smoker. The song portrays the alcohol drinker as ‘yobbish' and destructive – slurring his words and not being able to come up with a competent argument besides repeating himself several times. The cannabis smoker was shown as being calm, level headed and smarter than the alcohol drinker. This brought up the argument ‘Are drugs better than alcohol?' It must be realised that there are good and bad points to everything and the group was eager that we show both sides of the argument with possibly a middle ground of ‘Either being good in moderation.' The first scene created was based on this song. It was the after-effects of the night before. Set on a communal living space on a University campus, there was a couch, two chairs with a table and space to work on the floor. A drunken character, played by Jack, was ‘crashed out' on the couch and two other characters, played by Saimon and Luke, were at the table smoking cannabis. Two other characters entered together from one side of the stage and began teasing ‘Jack' for what had happened the night before. Another character, a class A drug addict, played by Kate entered and sat at the floor beginning to work. She complained to the others about the noise†¦however they ignored her and she stormed out. The scene ended when ‘Alice' and ‘I' headed out to the lectures leaving the others to recuperate from their actions. The purpose of the scene was to compare the effects of each drug, and began the idea of separate ‘groups' for each drug. The second part of the scene was layered over the action of ‘Jack', ‘Saimon' and ‘Luke'. In this scene ‘Katie' began an internal monologue. In which she detailed the shortcomings of each person and the shortcomings of herself. As the play developed these scenes, these scenes were cut. However they were not cut completely, only transformed into similar scenes. The first scene was changed to the ‘Saturday Night' scene, with the comparison of Cannabis and Alcohol – showing two groups of people separately doing stereotypical ‘Saturday Night' things, and confronting each other. The scene was intended to show the positives of marijuana as opposed to the negatives of alcohol. The second part of the scene formed the basis of what is now the ‘Green Acres' scene, revealing the short falls of each character, as they stand to their feet and admit to the ‘group' (i.e. The audience) what they have done, why, and what they are going to do about it. The final piece of stimulus was the photo of Rachel Whitear, a heroin addict who was found kneeling in her room, clutching the needle in one hand. A photograph was taken of her in this position, and her parents decided to teach children about the effects of drugs by offering to show this picture and videos about Rachel to school children throughout the country. The image is very haunting and powerful, and we decided that we would display the picture in our heroin overdose scene. Originally the plan was for the character, played by Kate, to emulate the ‘pose' on the stage, whilst the picture of Rachel was projected on the white wall of the drama studio. However we felt that the use of a projector would seem out of place in a play that purposefully lacks props, set design and only uses a small amount of lighting. We also decided that this would require us to use the projector throughout the performance and we would run the risk of the technology failing.

Looking at the Contemporary Generation Essay

The literary historian Malcolm Cowley described the years between the two world wars as a second flowering of American writing. Certainly American literature attained a new maturity and a rich diversity in the 1920s and ’30s, and significant works by several major figures from those decades were published after 1945. Faulkner, Hemingway, Kerouac, Steinbeck, and Katherine Anne Porter wrote memorable fictions. In the post-war period, many Americans felt fractured from reality and found themselves struggling to piece together their identities. The proposed national identity was that of prosperity, hope and success but in the years following the war and in the wake of losing so many citizens, many Americans did not see themselves in the same line. Instead they were experiencing hardship, hopelessness and constant struggle to rebuild their lives in a war torn nation. This attitude is what prevailed in much of the post-war literature along with the various ways in which people sought to recompose themselves. The disillusioned mass found their voice in the page of Hemingway and Kerouac. As it is said that literature speaks for the contemporary society, and as long before P. B. Shelley had once said that Poets are the unacknowledged legislatures of the world, hence it was the serious effort of Hemingway and Kerouac that made the contemporary society to rebuild their world in a new way. Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises and Kerouac’s On the Road; are the two catalogue of contemporary society which makes the world understand the prevailing circumstances of that time. The post World War-II era of the American society witnessed many changes. There was certain change in the socio-cultural outlook of the society. The ideology of Beat Generation emerged during this point of time. Central elements of Beat culture include a rejection of mainstream values, experimentation with drugs and alternate forms of sexuality, and an interest in Eastern religion. The literary movement of the Beat Generation exploded into American consciousness with two books in the late 1950s. The first one was Howl and Other Poems by Allen Ginsberg, published in 1956. The book achieved notoriety when poet and bookstore owner Lawrence Ferlinghetti went to trial for selling it in San Francisco. The second book had an even more profound cultural effect when it was published. Jack Kerouac’s On the Road, published in 1957, was viewed as nothing less than a manifesto for the Beat Generation. However the Beat literary movement was short-lived. Most of the work Kerouac published in the 1960s had been written during his creative peak in the 1950s. Beat literature retains its popularity decades later because the writers of the Beat Generation must ultimately be judged by their work, not by any real or imagined influence on popular culture. Allen Ginsberg’s poetry is still revered. The nightmarish visions of William Burroughs continue to influence post-Modern writers. Finally Kerouac’s On the Road is still a campus favorite, and continues to draw scholarly criticism. Jack Kerouac had a major influence on an entire generation of Americans following the publication of On the Road, his semi-autobiographical novel that became the bible of the Beat Generation in the 1950s. Kerouac’s impact continued into the next decade as the hippie movement developed during the 1960s and writers such as Ken Kesey, Tom Robbins, and songwriter Bob Dylan produced works influenced by Kerouac’s spontaneous, confessional, free-thinking style. On the Road is, the story of two young men, Sal Paradise and Dean Moriarty, who travel frantically back and forth across the American continent seeking thrills. The novel is actually a thinly veiled account of Kerouac’s own life in the late 1940s, when he fell under the spell of a charismatic drifter named Neal Cassady (represented by Moriarty in the novel). Every episode in the novel was inspired by real-life events. The book shocked readers in 1957 with its depiction of drug use and promiscuous sex. Many critics attacked the work as evidence of the increasing immorality of American youth. Other critics saw it as a groundbreaking work of originality. American readers, fascinated with the bohemian lifestyle of the characters, turned the novel into a bestseller. This novel is about Sal Paradise, a writer and college student, lives in Paterson, New Jersey with his aunt. He spends much of his time with his eccentric and artistic friends in New York City. One of his friends, Chad King, introduces him to Dean Moriarty, a young man recently released from a reformatory in New Mexico. Dean spends the winter in New York and then he moves back west to Denver in the spring. A few months later, Sal follows him to Colorado. Sal move toward west, learning more about him and the many intriguing people he meets along the way. He arrives in Denver and connects with a group of his New York friends. He moves into an apartment with his friend Roland Major, but Sal is anxious to see Dean who is on a tight schedule, hustling back and forth between his wife, Marylou, and his girlfriend, Camille. Sal roars around Denver with Dean and other friends and goes to a party in Central City. After a few weeks, he leaves on a bus for San Francisco. In San Francisco, Sal moves in with his friend, Remi Boncoeur, and Remi’s girlfriend, Lee Ann. Remi gets Sal a job as a special policeman at a barracks for overseas workers. Sal hates working with the other cops there who are miserable and narrow-minded. After a few months, Sal leaves San Francisco and travels to Los Angeles. On the bus he meets Terry, a young Mexican-American woman, and they fall in love. Sal goes with Terry to Sabinal, her hometown near Bakersfield. He meets her family, moves into a tent with her and her young son, Johnny, and gets a job picking cotton. But he soon realizes that he can’t make enough money to support Terry and her son. He persuades Terry to move back with her family and he returns to his life in New York. Sal’s and Dean’s friendship throughout the novel reflects the buddy themes found in much classic and pop culture. They are two men sharing travel experiences. Their relationship is a part of the male bonding stereotype. Yet, what they have transcends a typical friendship. Through their adventures and travels, they become comrades and brothers. Dean’s madness envelops Sal; Dean can make the mundane extraordinary for Sal. Their deeds and misdeeds bond them together in a way that ordinary friendship rarely does. Friendship also plays a role in the Beat culture that Kerouac describes. It is only when Sal’s group of friends was together that he can truly experience the kind of life they want to live. In On the Road, however, friendship is also a power that can destroy. Sal eventually sees his relationship with Dean as destructive. During their final journey he laments Dean’s coming to take him to Mexico. Dean, and the subculture represented by Sal’s Beat friends, come to represent the destruction of the traditional values of American society like family and relationship. This kind of individualist subversion is one of the themes of the novel, and Sal can sense that something is being lost by this destruction. During the final journey, Sal realizes that the destructive nature of this kind of friendship can have severe consequences for the people surrounding him and Dean. On the Road deals also with the sense of adventure and exploration in two main ways. First, there is the story of exploration. For Sal, the country and towns that lie before him represent new adventures. Through his first journey, Sal understands himself to be one in the long line of explorers and settlers who went west to find a new life. Sal mythologizes much of the American West during his trip. He sees the possibilities of time and existence in the Mississippi River, echoing other great American writers such as Mark Twain. In the Denver mining town he finds a sense of the Old West, a time of cowboys and dangerous frontiers. As he picks cotton with other migrant farm workers, he imagines himself to be a part of that culture and those who farmed and worked civilization into being in the American West. Yet, the second sense in which On the Road deals with the American West takes a much sadder tone. In this way, the novel comments on and criticizes its times. Just a year before the book was published, in 1956, President Eisenhower had signed the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956, which formally began the construction of the Interstate Highway System. A plan for the system had been in the works since 1921, and this was just one of many signs that America was taming its West. Sal realizes through the novel that though modernity and technology are bringing greater access to transportation and to places in the West, there are fewer and fewer places to be discovered. Sal confronts this reality as he visits the Wild West Festival in Cheyenne, a tourist attraction that can only simulate the real Wild West. The mining town outside of Denver has also ceased to be a true part of the West, being now a part of tourist culture. Sal and Dean also feel sadness for the Indian cultures of the mountains of Mexico; for they realize that the coming of a highway means the destruction of their culture. By the end of the novel, the reader begins to understand that any road that leads to the American West brings with it the potential destruction of culture even as it gives freedom to the traveler or tourist. The aspect of On the Road that has been most criticized in the decades following the novel’s release has been Kerouac’s portrayal of the relationships between men and women. While Kerouac himself was roundly criticizing the social structures of family and work that kept men from finding a truer way of life, his novel failed to record the plight of the women being subjected to the same pressures and conventions of society. More to the point, the characters seem unsympathetic to the toll that the women have to pay in meeting the appetites and helping with the travels of the men. In the story the life that Sal and Dean want to live is one that rejects all notions of authority and rule. Dean has little regard for the law and conventions of society. Authority is seen in the novel through the pleadings of the maternal characters for Dean and Sal to settle down and fulfill their responsibilities, and it is most clearly understood in the various run-ins that the group of Beats has with law enforcement. Anarchy in the individual eventually confronts the authority of society. Kerouac used mobility, alongside other themes, to express resistance to established norms in the culture of the United States during the nineteen fifties. The use of mobility in both the content and the structure of the novel and relate it to expectations of family, progress and attached sexuality. This resistance is ambiguous in that it rebels against ideals of family and home at the same time as it reproduces the established American mythology of mobile, male outlaws. This interpretation is placed in the context of the counter-culture of the nineteen fifties and nineteen sixties in the United States which was a period when many young people were striking out against the presuppositions of rootedness, family values and the ‘-American Dream. Using the insights of new cultural geography and cultural studies and the use of mobility in this story; is a key text in the counter-culture, which represents a contestation of a central theme in American culture. Mobility is clearly an important part of North American mythology and as such it is open to change and challenge from resistant sub-cultures. Apart from Kerouac, it was Hemingway who contributed a lot in the making of emotions of the people in the post World War era. Ernest Hemingway’s first novel, The Sun Also Rises, remains as a romance and a guidebook. It also became a modern-day courtesy book on how to behave in the waste land Europe had become after the Great War. The Sun Also Rises successfully portrays its characters as survivors of a lost generation. In addition, the novel was the most modern an American author had yet produced, and the ease with which it could be read endeared it to many. But for all its apparent simplicity, the novel’s innovation lay in its ironic style that interjected complex themes without being didactic. Generally this novel is considered to be Hemingway’s most satisfying work. The material for the novel resulted from a journey Hemingway made with his first wife, Hadley Richardson, and several friends to Pamplona, Spain, in 1925. Among them was Lady Duff Twysden, a beautiful socialite with whom Hemingway was in love (the inspiration for the novel’s Lady Brett Ashley). There was also a Jewish novelist and boxer named Harold Loeb (source of Robert Cohn) whom Hemingway threatened after learning that he and Lady Duff had had an affair. Lady Duff’s companion was a bankrupt Briton (like Mike Campbell). The trip ended poorly when Lady Duff and her companion left their bills unpaid. The ending of the novel is only slightly more tragic, yet it recovers those precious values which make life livable in a war-wearied world: friendship, stoicism, and natural grace. The Sun Also Rises is as much an extended character study as it is a novel where the story being told is no more important than the characters being examined. The five central characters are expatriates living in Paris and are members of the lost generation, â€Å"You are all a lost generation† [Hemingway, Epigraph] caught up in the sense of despair and disenchantment which followed the First World War. There is no real hero amongst those five; each possesses a flaw which prevents this status being reached. The Sun Also Rises concerns a group of Americans living in Europe during the 1920s. The narrator and principal character is Jake Barnes, a newspaper correspondent. The leading female character is Lady Brett Ashley. In the course of the novel, we learn that her husband, a British officer, was killed in World War I and that she was a nurse in the hospital where Jake Barnes was sent after he suffered a disabling injury in combat. Serving as the narrative voice throughout, Jake begins the story by talking about his past and current relationship to another character, Robert Cohn, who will subsequently figure in the plot but who is not the novel’s protagonist. Jake tells us that Cohn comes from a wealthy Jewish family and that he attended college at Princeton where he distinguished himself on the boxing team. When Cohn’s first wife left him, he took up with a young woman named Frances Clyne, and she went with him to Paris where he wrote his first novel. Although Jake speaks of Cohn as a friend, there is a certain antagonism beneath the surface. Jake characterizes Cohn’s book as poor and admits that he lied to his friend to get out of a proposed trip to South America. It is in the book’s second chapter that Jake fills us in on himself. It is there that we learn the narrator is currently a foreign correspondent working in Paris for an American newspaper. Jake also tells us that he was wounded in World War I and that his injury has left him in the supremely frustrating condition of being impotent without diminishing his sexual desire. Jake brings the tale into the present night at the Cafe Napolitan, a popular haunt of the lost generation and the avant garde in the Left Bank district of Paris. He meets and buys a drink for a local prostitute, Georgette, and when they go to another trendy spot, the Cafe Select, they encounter Robert Cohn and his fiancee, Frances. The high point of the scene comes with the arrival of Lady Brett Ashley accompanied by a group of extraordinarily handsome (and possibly gay) young men. Brett exudes sexuality and sophistication. Cohn is enthralled by her, but she refuses his request to dance and leaves the night club with Jake. The first-person narration of Jake Barnes is sometimes referred to as a roman a clef. A roman a clef is a story understandable only to those who have a key for deciphering the real persons and places behind the story. The story of Jake Barnes resembles the real events of the summer of 1925 in the life of Hemingway and his friends. Still there is enough difference that no key is needed for understanding. The novel stands on its own whether or not the reader knows on whom the character Lady Brett Ashley is based. The Sun Also Rises is an impressive document of the people who came to be known, in as the â€Å"Lost Generation†. The young generation had their dreams and innocence smashed by World War I, â€Å"Nobody ever lives their life all the way up except bull-fighters† [Hemingway, 10] emerged from the war bitter and aimless, and spent much of the prosperous 1920s drinking and partying away their frustrations. Jake epitomizes the Lost Generation; physically and emotionally wounded from the war, he is disillusioned, cares little about conventional sources of hope such as family, friends, religion, and work and apathetically drinks his way through his expatriate life. One of the key changes Hemingway observes in the Lost Generation is that of the new male psyche, battered by the war and newly domesticated. Jake embodies this new emasculation; most likely physically impotent, he cannot have sex and, therefore, can never have the insatiable Brett. Instead, he is dominated by her, as also Cohn who is also abused by the other women in his life. Jake is even threatened by the homosexual men who dance with Brett in Paris; while not sexually interested in her, they have more manhood than Jake, physically speaking. Hemingway’s spare, laconic prose was influenced by his early work as a journalist, and he has probably had the greatest stylistic influence over 20th-century American writers of anyone. The key to Hemingway’s style is omission; we usually learn less about Jake through his direct interior narration, but more through what he leaves out and how he reacts to others. For instance, we understand him much better through his thoughts on Cohn, who shares many of Jake’s traits. As an example of how much Hemingway omits, Jake never even fully describes his war injury, leaving it somewhat open to interpretation. There are two primary questions which Hemmingway asks readers to contemplate in The Sun Also Rises. The first is whether or not unconditional love is a sign of weakness or strength. The second is whether or not the sexual triumphs of a man are indicative of his level of manhood. Both of these questions define the theme of this masterful literary achievement, which centers on the balance of power between the strengths and weaknesses which are battled within us and within our relationships. Both the World Wars resulted in a vigorous change in the society, in term of socio-economic and socio-cultural attitude. It was natural for the generation of that contemporary time to be under immense confusion and disillusionment. However it was the literary genius of both Hemingway and Kerouac to evaluate the current impulse of the generations and they were triumphant in their attempts, which is proved in the success of their concept in both the novel The Sun Also Rises and On The Road, as both these story depicts the real sentiments of the contemporary generations. References: 1. Hemingway Earnest. , 1995, The Sun Also Rises, Scribner, New York: USA 2. Cresswell Tim. , 1993, Mobility as Resistance: A Geographical Reading of Kerouac’s ‘On the Road’, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford: UK 3. Kerouac Jack. , 2007, On The Road, Viking Penguin, USA 4. Elliott Ira. , 1995, Performance Art: Jake Barnes and â€Å"Masculine† Signification in The Sun Also Rises, Duke University Press, USA

Greco roman art Essays

Greco roman art Essays Greco roman art Essay Greco roman art Essay Many elements weight over five tons and the capitals and architraves almost ten tons More on the Parthenon: Calibrates and Stations Parthenon Acropolis, Athens 447-438 BCC/Classical pennon Greeks recognized that our visual perception is not flawless and that it is influenced by our mental assumptions. Stations and Calibrates used an astonishing series of optical refinements in the proportions of the Parthenon to make it appear perfectly regular and rectangular to he human eye. Exact measurement of the Parthenon has revealed many apparently intentional deviations from regularity and rectangular. The Greeks realized that we perceive vertical lines as sloping and horizontal lines as sagging in the center. They corrected for these human errors in perception. The platform and stairs curve upward, as does the untreatable (but to a lesser degree, presumably because it was farther from the viewers eye). : The columns and untreatable also slope inward slightly to prevent their appearing to slope outward. Effect of their being silhouetted against the sky. The diameter of the columns bulges out by two-thirds of an inch part-way up to accommodate the human assumption that the columns will be slightly compressed by the weight they appear to bear (entities), and the illusion of regular spacing among the columns is created by spacing that is actually irregular. The result is what many perceive as the most perfectly proportioned building ever created. Just as the contemporary Doorposts by Polytheists may be seen as the culmination of nearly two centuries searching for the ideal proportions of the various human bodily parts, so, too, the Parthenon may be viewed as the ideal solution to the Greek architects quest for perfect proportions in Doric temple design. Its well-spaced columns, with their slender shafts, and the capitals, with their straight-sided conical Chinese, are the ultimate refinement of the bulging and squat Doric columns and compressed capitals of the Archaic Temple of Hear at Pesetas, Italy, c. 40 BCC. The Parthenon architects and Polytheists, the Doorposts sculptor were kindred spirits in their belief that beautiful proportions resulted from strict adherence to harmonious numerical ratios, whether they were designing a temple more than 200 feet long or a life-size statue of a nude man. The Parathions harmonious design and mathematical precision of the sizes of its constituent elements tend to obscure the fact this temple, as actually constructed, is quite irregular in shape. Throughout the building are pronounced deviations from the strictly horizontal and vertical lines assumed to be the basis of all Greek post- and-lintel structures. For ex. , the stalemate curves upward at the center on both the sides and the fade, forming a kind of shallow dome, and this curvature is carried up into the untreatable. Moreover, the priestly columns lean inward slightly. Those t the corners have a diagonal inclination and are also about 2 inches thicker than the rest. If their lines are continued, they would meet about one and one-half miles above the temple. These deviations from the norm meant that virtually every Parthenon block and drum had to be carved according to the special set of specifications its unique place in the structure dictated. This was obviously a daunting task, and a reason must have existed for these so- called refinements in the Parthenon. Some modern observers note, how the curving of horizontal lines and the tilting of vertical ones create a dynamic balance in the alludinga kind of architectural contrastsand give it a sense of life. The oldest recorded explanation, however, may be the correct one. Vitreous, a Roman architect of the late first century BCC who claims to have had access to the treatise on the Parthenon Stations wroteagain note the kinship with the Canon of Polytheistsmaintains that these adjustments were made to compensate for optical illusions. Vitreous states that if the stalemate is laid out on a level surface, it will thicker since they are surrounded by light and would otherwise appear thinner than their neighbors. Ex. Of Ionic Temple 0 Temple of Athena Nikkei, Acropolis, Athens, c. 427-424 BCC. 0 Slenderer proportions than Doric 0 Scroll capitals 0 Continuous sculpted frieze 0 Mephistopheles planthat is, porch at each end 0 Surrounded by parapet, or low wall, faced with sculpted panels depicting Athena presiding over her winged attendants, called Nines (Victories), as they prepared for a celebration. O Ex. Nikkei Adjusting Her Sandal 0 Bends forward gracefully, causes ample chitin to slip off one shoulder. Large wings, one open and one closed, effectively balance this unstable pose 0 Unlike creative swirls of heavy fabric covering the Parathions Three Goddesses or the weighty pleats of the robes of the Rescissions (another example of an Ionic Temple) caryatids, the textile covering this Nikkei appears delicate and light, clinging to the body like wet silk, one the most discreetly erotic images in ancient art Corinthian order 0 Originally developed by the Greeks for use in interiors, but came t o be used on temple exteriors as well. Elaborate capitals are sheathed with stylized acanthus leaves 0 Romans appropriated the Corinthian order and elaborated it Roman Classicism The Romans admired Greek art. They imported Greek originals by the thousands and had them copied in even greater numbers. Also some of their own works were based on Greek sources, and many of their artists, from Republican times (51()- 31 BCC) to the end of the empire (31 BCC-410 CE), were of Greek origin. Roman authors tell us a good deal about the development of Greek art as it was described in Greek writings on the subject. They also discuss Roman art during the early days of the Republic, of which almost no trace survived today. However, they show little concern with the art of their own time. And, except for Vitreous, whose treatise on architecture is of great importance for later eras, the Romans never developed a rich literature on the history and theory of their art such as the Greeks had. Indeed, some prominent Romans even viewed their own art as degenerate compared with the extraordinary achievements of the Greeks. Roman portraiture From literary accounts, we know that the Senate honored Romeos great political and Republican times and was to continue until the end of the empire many hundred years later. It probably arose from the Greek practice of placing votive statues of athletes and other important individuals in sanctuaries such as the Acropolis, Delphi, and Olympiaa practice that was gradually secularists during the Classical and Hellenic periods. Our first indication off clearly Roman portrait style occurs around 100 BCC. It parallels an ancient custom. When the male head of the family died, he was honored with a wax portrait, which was then preserved in a special shrine or family altar. At funerals, these ancestral images were carried in the procession, and masks were even made from them for chosen participants to wear, in order to create a living parade of the familys illustrious ancestors. Such mimicry may have fostered a desire among the Roman elite for similarly true-to-life portraits in bronze and marble. Verses Ex. Head of a Roman Patrician (Head of an Old Roman) c. 75-50 BCC marble, approximately 1 2 Somber face, grave demeanor. Project patriarchal dignity. Detailed record of the faces topography, in which the sitters character appears only incidentally. This style is verses, a documentary realism. The features are true to life, but the sculptor has emphasized them selectively to bring out a specifically Roman personality: stern, rugged, devoted to duty. It is a father image of daunting authority. The facial details are like individual biographical data that distinguish it from others. Ex. Augustus from Portrait Early 1st century CE (perhaps a copy of a bronze statue of c. 20 BCC) Marble, originally colored, 6 8 high New trend in Roman portraiture, which reaches a climax in the images of Augustus himself. Sophisticated combination of Greek idealism and Roman individualityin effect, a new Augustan ideal. This was the most popular image of the emperor. Heroic, idealized body which is derived from the Doorposts of Polytheists. Augustus, the emperor, reaches out toward us as if to address us in person. His concreteness of surface texture that conveys the actual touch of cloth, metal, and leather. The breastplate illustrates Augustus diplomatic triumph over the Parthian in 20 BCC, when he recovered the legionary standards lost in Roman defeats in 53 and 36 BCC. His head is idealized. Small details are omitted, and the focus on the eyes gives it something of an inspired look. Even so, the face is a definite, individual likeness, as we know from many other portraits of Augustus. All Romans would have recognized it immediately, for they knew it from coins and countless other representations. Augustus of Portrait Focus on the individual Greek pose, roman clothes Emperor Augustus The importer and creator of Fax Roman stands in a contrasts that echoes the one of classical Greek athletes, such as the Doorposts of Polytheists. The cupid on the dolphin at his feet hints at the origin of the genes Julia, namely Venus or Aphrodite, the goddess of love.

Where have all Criminals Gone

Where have all Criminals Gone The article ‘Where have all Criminals Gone’ focuses on two major issues, abortion and crime in Romania and the United States. In 1966, Nicolae Ceausescu who had been president of Romania for one year declared abortion illegal. He was a dictator who neglected the citizens and only built himself palaces.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Where have all Criminals Gone specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, he ensured that the most prestigious positions in the government were occupied by his relatives. Before abortion in Romania was banned, it was used as a form of birth control. According to Nicolae, banning it was an effective way of strengthening the country. The ban produced the results he anticipated since within the first year the population had doubled. However, the children that were born after the ban often led miserable lives. Their performance in school was poor and they did not su cceed in the labor market. It was also discovered that they had high chances of becoming criminals. After the Romanian citizens could not tolerate the oppressive regime of Nicolae any longer, they launched street demonstrations to remove him from power. He was ousted and killed together with his wife when they were caught trying to escape. At the time Nicolae met his brutal death, something else was happening in the United States. Crime was increasing at an alarming rate. It became the main talk throughout the country. In 1990, the rate started to fall suddenly in a manner that could not be explained. Nevertheless, it remained unclear where the criminals went after the sharp decline in the rate of crime. This prompted experts to look for answers to explain the sudden decline. Eventually, the Romanian case was used as a point of reference in understanding whether there was any relationship between abortion and crime. This is basically the biggest issue that is addressed in the articl e. Information Identification and Use In a bid to understand abortion better, experts from the U.S started to analyze the country’s past policies regarding the matter. The country allowed abortion in its early years but by 1900, it was illegal in all the states. In the late 1960s, some states started legalizing it until the Supreme Court raised its voice on the matter. It gave a famous ruling in Roe v. Wade. This ruling by the Supreme Court legalized abortion in the whole country. According to the court, there were valid reasons that compelled women not to have children. In the first year of Roe v. Wade, thousands of women opted for abortion. Most of those who aborted were in their teens, the poor and the unmarried ones.Advertising Looking for critical writing on criminology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Studies revealed that had the aborted children been born, they stood high chances of living in poverty a nd growing with single parents. It was therefore observed that the factors that led women in the U.S to procure abortion were the same reasons that would have led their children into crime had they been born. Legalized abortion had many consequences including increased conceptions and decreased births. However, the most critical consequence was its impact on crime. Studies showed that it led to a decline in the rate of crime. Alternative Perspectives There were numerous objections challenging the theory of legalized abortion and its influence on the rate of crime. To begin with, it was felt that the relationship between abortion and crime was correlational rather than causal. This prompted experts to develop ways of determining whether the relationship was causal as opposed to correlational. One of the methods they proposed to determine this was to measure crime data in five states. These were the states where abortion was legal before the Supreme Court legalized it in the whole cou ntry. During this activity, the main focus was to identify the correlation between the rate of abortion in every state and its crime rate. By doing this, it was possible to note that the states with high abortion rates recorded less crime rates. On the other hand, the ones with low abortion rates had high crime rates. Conclusion Despite the fact that evidence shows that legalizing abortion leads to a decline in crime rates, the issue remains a controversial one. Not many people agree that abortion is a moral way of controlling crime rates. It may have a positive impact in that women do not give birth to unwanted children who turn into criminals. However, most people view it as an immoral act that denies the unborn child a chance to live. Those who support its legalization argue that when the government gives women an opportunity to make their decisions on abortion, they figure out whether they can raise children or not. Those who cannot raise them obviously choose abortion. Although it might be seen as a method of reducing crime, the bottom line is that it should not be legalized. Its legalization often leads to many limitations. One of them is that it leads to irresponsible behaviors among women. This happens because they can get rid of the unborn children once they conceive. The other limitation is that it impacts the population of a country negatively. Countries should identify alternative methods of reducing the rate of crime instead of legalizing abortion.

Printable Beginning Level Tense Review Quiz

Printable Beginning Level Tense Review Quiz This quiz is for in-class use and does not have the answers provided. What ____________ you ____________ (do)? Im studying.do you doare you doingdid you do____________ you always ____________ (get up) at 7 oclock?Do you always get upAre you always getting upDo always you get up____________ John ____________ (have, got) a motorbike?Does John have gotHas John gotHave John gotAt the moment he ____________ (have) lunch.is havinghavinghasJohn doesnt like playing football, but he ____________ (love) playing tennis.is lovinglovelovesLast winter he ____________ (go) by train from Rome to Paris.goedhas gonewentMary ____________ (not, be) at work at the moment. Shes at home.isnt beingisntdoesnt beNext Tuesday my brother ____________ (go) to Rome.wentgoesis goingThey ____________ (take) their children to Spain last year.did taketooktakedWhat time ____________ he ____________ (arrive) home last Tuesday?did he arrivesdid he arrivedoes he arriveHe ____________ (work) on the computer at the moment.is workingworksdoes workWhat ____________ they ____________ (do)? They re sleeping.is they doingare they doingdo they do When ____________ you ____________ (go) to Rome last year?you wentdid you godid you went____________ you ____________ (have, got) any brothers or sisters?Has you gotDo you have gotHave you gotJohn doesnt like going to the beach, but he ____________ (love) going to the park.lovesdoesnt loveis lovingNext Saturday John ____________ (come) to visit his friends.comesis comingwill comePeter ____________ (be) on holiday now. He isnt at home.will beisis going to beShe ____________ (teach) her husband cooking last winter.did teachteachedtaught____________ he always ____________ (have) dinner at 7 oclock?Is he always havingDoes he always hasDoes he always haveLast winter she ____________ (drive) to Germany.drovedriveddid drive____________ you ____________ (have, got) a good job?Do you gotHave you gotHas you gotWhere ____________ she ____________ (study) English last year?did she studydid she studiedhas she studiedMary likes visiting friends, but she ____________ (like) talking on the telephone .doesnt likelikesisnt liking She ____________ (watch) a video at the moment.watchedwatchesis watchingHe ____________ (take) his friend to the theater last week.tookedhas takentookMary ____________ (not, be) on holiday now. Shes at home.isntwont beisnt beingWhat ____________ you ____________ (do)? Im playing the piano.is you doingdo you doare you doingNext Thursday my sister ____________ (visit) the new museum.will visitvisitsis going to visit____________ you always ____________ (finish) work at 5 oclock?Do you always finishAre you always finishingDid you always finishedThey ____________ (ride) the train to Sweden last summer.did riderodehave riddenWhat ____________ you ____________ (do) this evening? Im doing my homework.will you dodo you doare you doing____________ she often ____________ (telephone) in the evening?Does she often telephoneIs she often telephoningWill she often telephones____________ they ____________ (have, got) a car?Have they gotDo they have gotHas they gotAt the moment they ____________ (read ) a book.are going to readreadsare reading I ____________ (teach) my students about the USA yesterday.taughtedtaughthave taughtJennifer doesnt like working in the office, but she ____________ (love) working at home.lovesdoesnt loveisnt lovingNext Wednesday my brother ____________ (have) dinner at that new restaurant.is going to havewill havehasShe ____________ (fly) to the USA last winter.fliedhas flownflewThomas ____________ (not, be) at the office tomorrow. Hes on holiday.isnt going to bewont beenisntWhat ____________ she ____________ (do) yesterday afternoon?did she dodoes she dois she doing____________ Thomas ____________ (have, got) a television?Have Thomas gotHas Thomas gotDoes Thomas has gotWhere ____________ they ____________ (go) on holiday last summer?did they wenthave they gonedid they goAlice loves walking in the countryside, and she ____________ (like) going to the gym.doesnt likelikelikesAt the moment she ____________ (listen) to some music.listensis listeninghas listened____________ he always ____________ (play ) tennis on Saturdays?Do he always playDoes he always playsDoes he always play Mary isnt at work at the moment. She ____________ (be) at home.iswill behas beenWhat ____________ he ____________ (do)? Hes washing up.does he dois he doinghas she doneThey ____________ (fly) to Mexico last summer.has flownflewdid flyShe ____________ (ask) her husband to help her yesterday evening.askeddid askhas askedNext Saturday my friend ____________ (come) to have lunch with us.is comingcomeswill comes Find more printable quizzes for your class, or use the wide variety of English lesson plans available on the site to copy exercises for in-class use. Also, try the Beginner Level Grammar Quiz for another challenge or move on to the Intermediate Level Quiz.

3 Activity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

3 Activity - Assignment Example tists, research performed by doctors to alleviate suffering and pain not forgetting the sacrifices made by people everywhere to make human life better. Secondly, Craig believes that if truly God is inexistent, then people have to lead a hopeless life since there is no hope of liberation from the failures of our predetermined existence (Chaffee, 2013). A good example of such a scenario is a lack of hope of redemption from evil befalling us on earth. Moreover, in case God never exists, then people should lose hope on being redeemed from diseases, aging, and even death. Atheism, therefore, constitutes a philosophy lacking hope. Finally, Craig asserts that if truly God exists, then a person comes to understand God personally in addition to His love. Such a belief makes a life changing difference in the believer. In the reasons above, Craig admits that they do not ascertain the existence of God but shows a huge difference whether God is in existence. Therefore, he advances various reasons to prove that God exists. First, Craig asserts that the existence of God creates a sense of the foundation of the universe. The question about the origin of the universe has been controversial (Chaffee, 2013). According to atheist, universe is eternal. Thus, the reasoning of the atheist is unreasonable since if truly the universe lacked a beginning, therefore, past events within the history of the universe are infinite. The infinite is not a reality since it never exists in nature and offers a legitimate reason for rational thought. However, past events are never ideas but are real, and this confirms that the past events are finite. Therefore, the cycles of past events cannot go back forever and therefore the universe at one time began to exist. The discoveries in the fields of astrophysics, science, and astronomy prove that the universe began to exist approximately 13 billion years ago through the Big Bang theory (Chaffee, 2013). The theory makes atheist believe that the universe

Discuss the Battle of New Orleans and Andrew Jacksons role in the Essay

Discuss the Battle of New Orleans and Andrew Jacksons role in the campaign and battle. Why was Jackson successful What impact did the battle have on the war On US politics - Essay Example Karsner states that Jackson believed that even if British troops completely seized victory in the region, they will have nothing left if the region was burned down (Karsner 240). Later Jackson stood victorious against the British army as he had a lot of time to develop his defenses against the British army. Americans learned great lessons from this event and this event changed the shape and mentality of the politics of US. The first effect witnessed by Americans was that Jackson was able to be a part of the Whitehouse and was able to pursue his belief that the farmers and agriculturalists living in America were not benefiting from purchasing manufactured output from Britain and secondly people living in US realized that if America was to develop, they cannot rely on other supreme powers such as great

The Experience Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Experience Economy - Essay Example The importance of themes can be seen in the success that businesses that have identified a right theme for their business activity have attained. It is this right theme that gives customers something to associate with the business activities of the business enterprise. Very common examples of this are eateries that have identified a theme and built their business activities around such a theme. Customers coming to such eateries attracted by the theme put out like Hard Rock Cafà © or the House of Blues and continue coming there because the experiences there have appealed to all the five senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste. Chapter One on â€Å"Welcome to the Experience Economy† attempts to convey the message or argument that experiences are a clear and distinct economic offering and provides the means for future economic growth against stagnation since the agrarian economy and the scale economy of industrialization. The book starts with these words â€Å"Commoditized. No company wants that word applied to its goods or services†. (p.1). However, that is exactly what has happened. With the sole concentration on price there is hardly any differentiation between products and services and so margins crash. Coffee is a true commodity. Yet, it also offers to be a commodity, good, or service depending on the how customers can be made to attribute value to it. Sold as coffee beans it remains a commodity, but as coffee powder it becomes a good. However, sold in a restaurant the value of ambience lifts the value of a cup of coffee sold and provides a sensation of experience to the cup of coffee thr ough teasing the senses, through theatre experience or the like and thus the value of the cup of coffee rises even further. This is the economic offering that experience offers and the basis of the experience economy of the authors. In Chapter Two on â€Å"Setting the Stage† the authors try to reinforce this message by taking and demonstrating with examples

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Marketing - Essay Example The cost for a normal unit is only $349 and the buyer sees an instant saving of both time and money. Most women recoup the cost of the IMA within a year. When introduced, the IMA was not advertised or placed in retail locations. The promotional tool used was a social-networking epidemic campaign that grew out of the â€Å"Maven-Connector-Salesman† theory first proposed at the turn of the century by Malcolm Gladwell in his book â€Å"The Tipping Point.† (Gladwell) Mavens in the area of beauty were first identified and then carefully introduced to important connectors to establish the network focus points. It was believed that personification of the product (Emma) was a key to selling to women and so â€Å"Emma† was given a personal webpage. In the beginning, â€Å"she† was present only to establish a presence, personify the product and offer a brand identity. A simple form for ordering was the only indication that the product was available. The personificat ion of the product was the third point of the strategy and a careful search had been made to find the perfect saleswoman who would personify the IMA and become Emma. Emma became the face of, and personified, the brand. Mavens were identified with carefully placed Maven-traps and the Connectors and salesmen were identified by genetic algorithm driven social networking spiders. A careful social engineering campaign was launched to develop relationships with Mavens and introducing them to Connectors. This was accomplished by one team and another team focused on developing relationships between Connectors and Salesmen. While the preparations for product launch were under way, production was working out the bugs in the manufacturing and support division. When the marketing team felt the network was ready to start the campaign, Mavens were provided with IMA’s to test in order to get their opinion. They were cautioned that the product was still in the early stages of production and were cautioned to only discuss it with close friends or if asked about it. Connectors who had been previously introduced to Mavens were quietly told about this new and revolutionary product, that it was in limited production and the company was keeping it quiet. The Connectors consulted their Mavens, received confirmation and validation and began telling their friends, some of whom were the Salesmen the team had identified. This caused an underground word-of-mouth campaign within social networks that generated an exponential demand with no advertising cost. The oversupply of childbearing age women as compared to men and the difficulty of women in finding a mate resulted in the desire of women to have a â€Å"secret weapon† that would give them an advantage over other women. The ability of a woman to put on, repair or rapidly change her makeup was noticeable and caused curiosity. Most women were in the workforce and their social lives revolved around their free time away from work. Women discovered a small change in their wardrobe and a change of makeup meant they could practically change personalities during a 45-minute lunch-break and be

The Forest People Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Forest People - Essay Example This society viewed their world as a place with no evil as they got everything the forest without necessary clearing any forested area to cultivate and plant food. Everything was in the forest that they required. Anybody who didn’t understand the forest views it as hostile and dangerous, contrary to this BaMbuti had a different perception of the forest. Those who lived outside the village perceived the forest as fearful and evil. BaMbuti never viewed the forest as evil either did they possess any fear of living in the forest. The forest was their home, â€Å"for them it is a good world† (pg15). Forest was their cosmos and in return it supplied them with all their needs. They mastered the art of living in the forest that no outsider could comprehend how they did it while the outsiders viewed the forest as an impossible place to live in. Men and women had different roles to play in the society, and this phenomenon can be described as a division of labor. A normal day in the â€Å"pygmy village was alive with women bundling up their household possessions in the baskets they would carry on their backs. The men were busy checking their hunting nets, examining their arrow shafts and testing their bows, or sharpening the blades of their spear†. (pg53). Hunting was affair of men and for this reason they were obliged to train the young boys to hunt. Moneys and birds were hunted by men using bows and arrows. The women could travel collecting mushrooms and roots for the evening meals, this illustration indicates that the women were solely responsible for evening meals. The women were also obliged to cook for their husbands, â€Å"†¦ watching his third and youngest wife, Kamaika, cooking his breakfast.† (pg54). Thatching of huts was a role that was conferred to women â€Å"Ageronga’s wife prepares a bundle of mongongo leaves for thatching her hut.† It was also the obligation of women

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Marketing - Essay Example The cost for a normal unit is only $349 and the buyer sees an instant saving of both time and money. Most women recoup the cost of the IMA within a year. When introduced, the IMA was not advertised or placed in retail locations. The promotional tool used was a social-networking epidemic campaign that grew out of the â€Å"Maven-Connector-Salesman† theory first proposed at the turn of the century by Malcolm Gladwell in his book â€Å"The Tipping Point.† (Gladwell) Mavens in the area of beauty were first identified and then carefully introduced to important connectors to establish the network focus points. It was believed that personification of the product (Emma) was a key to selling to women and so â€Å"Emma† was given a personal webpage. In the beginning, â€Å"she† was present only to establish a presence, personify the product and offer a brand identity. A simple form for ordering was the only indication that the product was available. The personificat ion of the product was the third point of the strategy and a careful search had been made to find the perfect saleswoman who would personify the IMA and become Emma. Emma became the face of, and personified, the brand. Mavens were identified with carefully placed Maven-traps and the Connectors and salesmen were identified by genetic algorithm driven social networking spiders. A careful social engineering campaign was launched to develop relationships with Mavens and introducing them to Connectors. This was accomplished by one team and another team focused on developing relationships between Connectors and Salesmen. While the preparations for product launch were under way, production was working out the bugs in the manufacturing and support division. When the marketing team felt the network was ready to start the campaign, Mavens were provided with IMA’s to test in order to get their opinion. They were cautioned that the product was still in the early stages of production and were cautioned to only discuss it with close friends or if asked about it. Connectors who had been previously introduced to Mavens were quietly told about this new and revolutionary product, that it was in limited production and the company was keeping it quiet. The Connectors consulted their Mavens, received confirmation and validation and began telling their friends, some of whom were the Salesmen the team had identified. This caused an underground word-of-mouth campaign within social networks that generated an exponential demand with no advertising cost. The oversupply of childbearing age women as compared to men and the difficulty of women in finding a mate resulted in the desire of women to have a â€Å"secret weapon† that would give them an advantage over other women. The ability of a woman to put on, repair or rapidly change her makeup was noticeable and caused curiosity. Most women were in the workforce and their social lives revolved around their free time away from work. Women discovered a small change in their wardrobe and a change of makeup meant they could practically change personalities during a 45-minute lunch-break and be

The Limits of Efficiency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Limits of Efficiency - Essay Example And so unions formed, and enough of a public outcry was raised to stir Congress to action. The COPE Act sounds like a promise to return to the easier days before regulation in some parts of the cable television and Internet industry. Because it can take months for cable companies to be awarded franchises, this bill sets up a system of "national cable franchising" in Title I (Summary of COPE Act). The bonus is that applications will now be awarded in thirty days. However, this will lead to the elimination of competition, and insufficient media infrastructure in poor communities, and so this bill threatens the access of many to affordable media. As a result, it should not be made into law as it is currently written. It may seem that creating one franchising standard nationwide would be a positive change. As it stands now, cable providers have to work out local franchising agreements with every local government where they want to offer their programming. Because telephone companies want to enter the cable television industry, they also have to go through this maze of negotiation, and one force behind the COPE Act is the telephone companies' complaint that the negotiation process is excessively "burdensome"(COPE Act of 2006). However, for this bill to be fair to all Americans, it should contain more specific requirements for infrastructure. There are currently no requirements for providers to set up infrastructure to all neighborhoods within a particular market, and so people in rich neighborhoods could end up with more choices, and therefore better pricing, than those in poor neighborhoods (COPE Act of 2006). Without this requirement, companies are likely to avoid areas where collections and maintenance costs could be higher, because of higher occurrences of delinquent accounts and vandalism. If one segment of the American population has the chance to receive lower cable prices, then all segments should have that chance. Also, by creating a national set of franchising requirements, this bill takes away the ability of state and local government to regulate the cable industry in the area of consumer protection, giving that ability instead to the FCC, an already burdened government agency that does not have the time to regulate the cable industry's consumer practices as well. The FCC is not currently authorized to order refunds, as state and local governments are - the FCC only has the power to fine companies, and that money just goes to the government - not to the victims (COPE Act of 2006). Another area of concern has to do with public, educational, and government channels, or PEG TV. If cable companies no longer have to answer to municipal and state governments, it will no longer have the incentive to give up channels for public/community access space (Davies). This will even further reduce the amount of non-commercial media available

Explain the Differences Between Panglosss Philosophy Essay Example for Free

Explain the Differences Between Panglosss Philosophy Essay Pangloss’s philosophy of life is that all is for the best in the â€Å"best of all possible worlds. † This optimistic philosophy actually is the key element of Voltaire’s satire. Pangloss’s philosophy is against the ideas of the Enlightenment period. Pangloss believes that a powerful God had created the world and that, therefore, the world must be perfect. When creatures of the world, see something as wrong or evil, it is because they do not understand the ultimate good that will come out of it. Voltaire satirically shows the reader that Pangloss is not a believable character. Voltaire illustrates this by showing us that he keeps his optimistic thought even when he is imprisoned. Pangloss ignores any evidence that contradicts his initial opinion. He also uses illogical arguments to support his beliefs. Pangloss’s philosophy tries to impose a passive attitude toward all that is wrong in the world. If the world is the best one possible, then there is no reason to make any effort to change things. Martin is more believable than Pangloss, not because he is more sophisticated, but because he is smarter and more likely to draw conclusions with which we can identify. Martin had been robbed by his wife and beaten by his son and deserted by his daughter and also lived financial setbacks, and therefore he’s a pessimist whereas Pangloss is an optimist. He uses his experiences to judge the world whereas Pangloss was merely using a theory. As a result, Martin is more insightful than Pangloss to foresee events that will happen. Even though Martin’s philosophy is more believable than Pangloss’s, he’s still not good at predicting how some people will behave because his philosophy is coming from extreme pessimism. Therefore it might not be wrong to say that Voltaire is trying to prove that we need flexible thought in our lives based on real evidence. Both philosophers will ultimately fail because there’s no room for exceptions in their beliefs. Candide starts his journey with the influence of Pangloss’s belief of â€Å"best of all possible worlds†. Pangloss and Candide, suffer and witness a wide variety of horrors and tragedies together. During these tragedies, Pangloss’s s philosophy proves to be useless and even destructive at the end, because it prevents them from making realistic judgments. For example while Jacques was drowning, Pangloss doesn’t let Candide save him by saying that the bay of Lisbon had been formed for this Anabaptist to drown in. Also when Candide was buried under the rubble of the Lisbon earthquake, he asked for oil and wine because he was dying, but Pangloss ignored him and still tried to reason with the causes of the earthquake. At the end Candide rejects his philosophy of optimism and as he and his servant Cacambo travel and go through more horrors, Candide starts believing a pessimistic view of life. When Candide meets Martin, they set sail together and Martin is just the opposite of Pangloss. He does not believe that everything is for the best in this world. Even though Candide tries to oppose Martin by talking about free will but it does not solve the problem of presence of evil in the world. In general, Martin’s arguments seem more reasonable than Pangloss’s ideas. But, like Pangloss, Martin believes so firmly in his own view of the world that he is not flexible and usually dismisses real evidence that contradicts his philosophy. When Candide cannot find Cunegonde, Martin shows the bad influence of his pessimism. Instead of attempting to comfort his friend, Martin uses Candide’s distress to further confirm his own world-view. Just like Pangloss’s optimism, Martin’s pessimism also keeps him from taking initiative to improve the world.

Mise En Scene Analysis Of Titanic Film Studies Essay

Mise En Scene Analysis Of Titanic Film Studies Essay In this chapter, content analysis will be used to analyze the film Titanic in qualitative perspectives from the five mise-en-scene elements (Acting style, setting, space, costume and lighting) and also the focus group to find out ideological elements that portrayed in this film. Besides that, the reporting of the discussion in the focus group which is based on the four themes also will be included. Setting can be used to amplify characters emotions or the dominant mood of a film; it also can establish aspects of the character. In the film Titanic, there were only two settings in this movie, the salvage ship, and also the RMS Titanic. The salvage ship was most taken place at the beginning part of the film. This is the working place of the treasure hunter Brock Lovett and his team members who explored the wreck of the RMS HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_TitanicTitanic in the Atlantic Ocean; they are searching for a necklace named the Heart of the Ocean. They have found out a sketch of a nude woman wearing it, the date was writing at the sketch April 14, 1912, which was the night the RMS Titanic sinking by hit the iceberg. The old Rose Dawson has recognized the nude woman in the sketch is her. So, she and her granddaughter visit the treasure hunter Brock Lovett and his team on this salvage ship. Rose recalls her memories about the RMS Titanic while answering question f rom Brock Lovett. So, this setting is the secondary setting in this film, the main setting is the RMS Titanic. The main setting RMS Titanic is consists of indoor and outdoor. The indoor of RMS Titanic got several levels; the upper level is the extravagant hall, restaurant, church, VIP room and so on. It has created a sense of high class culture; audiences will feel that the upper level is for the higher level and rich people. The lower level is slightly contrast with the higher level, the restaurant and room of the lower level is obviously low standard, not much decoration, the upper levels room is big and have the king size bed, but the lower levels room is small and only have the double-decker bed set, so each small room need to fit a few people, it has created a sense of the place for lower level or poor people. The outdoor of the RMS Titanic is showing the grand of the ship. Several scene was taken place at the outdoor of RMS Titanic which is the scene that the main character Jack was so excited to get into the RMS Titanic, he shout out I am the king of the world. The scene that the main character Rose want to commit suicide to jump into the sea, Jack was stop him and says You jump I jump, the dialogue was memorable. The flying scene that the main character Rose was holding by Jack, standing high and Rose says I can fly, this is one of the memorable romantic scene that was taken place at the outdoor of RMS Titanic. Acting Style The acting style refers to the character acting in the film, which is the actor or actress in the film. The acting style is important because the actor/actress is the only element has movement in the scene. There have three main characters in this film which is Jack Dawson, Rose DeWitt Bukater, and Caledon Nathan Cal Hockley. Leonardo DiCaprio as Jack Dawson, Jack is a penniless Wisconsin man who has toured various parts of the world, primarily Paris. At the beginning of this film, Jack has wins two third-class tickets onto the RMS Titanic in a poker game and travels with his friend Fabrizio. He is attracted to Rose at first sight and meets her when she wants to jump into the sea to commit suicide. This accident enables him to mix with the first-class passengers for a night, and also starts a love story with another main character, Rose. Rose DeWitt Bukater was acted by Kate Winslet. Rose is a 17-year-old girl in this film, she is originally from Philadelphia, in order to maintain their high-class status, she forced into an engagement to 30-year-old Caledon Hockley Cal after her fathers death had left the family debt-ridden. Rose boards the RMS Titanic with her fiancà © Cal and her mother Ruth, as a first-class passenger, and she meets Jack and starts their love story on the ship. Another main character is Caledon Nathan Cal Hockley acted by Billy Zane. He is Roses 30-year-old fiancà ©, and he is the main antagonist of this film. His characteristic is arrogant and snobbish. The relationship of Rose and Jack was made him increasingly embarrassed, jealous, and cruel. He was commits suicide after losing his fortune in the Wall Street Crash of 1929. Besides that, the supporting characters also playing an important role in this film. They are Rose Dawson Calvert, Brock Lovett, Ruth DeWitt Bukater, and also Margaret HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_BrownHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_BrownMollyHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_BrownHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Brown Brown. Gloria Stuart as Rose Dawson Calvert, she is the character of 100-year-old Rose. She gives Brock Lovett some information regarding to the Heart of the Ocean. She tells the story of her time aboard the ship; she is the one who narrate in this story. Brock Lovett was acted by Bill Paxton, he is a treasure hunter that looking for the Heart of the Ocean in the sketch that found from the present RMS Titanic. This character was wild ambition, but he later reflects at the end of the film, says he has never understood the story of Titanic until he hears Roses story. Ruth DeWitt Bukater is Roses mother, acted by Frances Fisher. She is Roses widowed mother; she arranges Rose engagement to Cal in order to maintain her familys high-class status after her husband died. She believes that social position is more important than her daughter. She looks down to Jack, although he saved her daughters life. This character was created a sense of arrogant and selfish. Margaret HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_BrownHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_BrownMollyHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_BrownHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Brown Brown, acted by Kathy Bates. Because of her sudden wealth, she is looked down by other first-class women, including Ruth, Roses. She is never looks down and friendly to Jack, she lends Jack a tuxedo when he is invited to dinner in the first-class dining saloon. Her friendly was created the sense of positive to this character. Lighting Lighting is emphasizing on the texture, distance, mood, shape, season, glamour, time of day or night. In this analysis, we have divided the movie as three part, which is the beginning part (The salvage ship is using the submarine to treasure hunting at RMS Titanic that under the sea), rising action part (When Rose aboard to the Titanic and meet Jack), the climax and ending part (after the Titanic hit the iceberg).so, the beginning part mostly used the low key lighting when treasure hunting the RMS Titanic that under the sea, the low key lighting was created the mood of under the sea, they only used the spotlight of submarine to illuminate some part of the RMS Titanic, it has convey the sense of the sadness and loneliness of the RMS Titanic. The rising action part is after the main character Rose aboard to the Titanic and meets Jack; we can see the high key with yellow lighting at the upper level on the ship. This created the sense of high-culture and extravagant to the scene. For example, the scene of Jack first step into the lobby of the upper class level, the high-key lighting has contrasting the lower level with normal lighting. So, audiences can feel the extravagant of the upper level and also the simple and crude of the lower level. The scene of the working place for the worker is using lower key lighting, its conveys the working environment of the lowest level at the time. The climax part is after the Titanic hit the iceberg and going to sinking. Most of the scene is used the low-key lighting in order to conveys the sense of the death of Titanic. This is strongly contrasting with the grand and extravagant of the Titanic, showing how the Titanic has been destroyed and how the human try to survive in this happening. Because the RMS Titanic is at the center of Atlantic Ocean, and its on midnight, so the environment around the Titanic is dark, and also the Titanic was sinking, so the lighting will be darker by step-by-step. So, in this film, different uses of lighting has represent different meaning to the scene, at the most last scene, there have showing the present Titanic with low-key lighting and dissolve to the high-key lighting of the extravagant corridor and lobby, its successful to attract audiences mind and contrasting the present and the last time of RMS Titanic. Costume Costume refers to the clothes that the characters wearing in the scene, make-ups also categorized under this element. The main character Jack Dawson has wearing at least two costumes in this film which are the Bib shirt ensemble that include the bid shirt, corduroy pants and suspenders, this created the sense of character that the lower standard traveler. Jack was wearing the tuxedo set that borrowed from Madam Molly when he is invited to dinner in the first-class dining saloon. Besides that, the main character Rose DeWitt Bukater has changed at least seven different costume in this film, most of her costume is extravagant Victorian dress and aristocrat costume in order to portrayed her as the higher-class people in the film. The antagonist character in this film Cal is always wearing the gentlemen suit and tuxedo in order to make him look more high-class in the film. For the supporting cast such like the Roses mother, Madam Molly and also others high-level ladies, they are wearing caroler costume which include a hat, this is popular to the high-level ladies at the time, for the gentlemen in this drama was wearing gentlemen costume in this film. Low-level ladies and gentlemen are wearing the suit and dress with low quality. And also the ship crews are wearing their uniform at all the time. Space Arrangement The space arrangement refers to the depth, proximity, size and proportions of the places and objects in a scene that can be manipulated through the camera position, camera shot and so on. There have few interesting scene in this film has been taken for the analysis. The first scene that Rose recall back is Rose going aboard to the Titanic, the detail shot from high angle to her costumer, telling audience that Rose is belongs to the privileged class, this shot has enhanced the meaning by the voice-over which is To me it was a slave ship taking me back to America in chains. Outwardly I was everything a well-brought-up girl should be. Inside I was screaming. Everyone looked Titanic as a dream but not to Rose. The shot of the Titanic cross the sea and overstep others small boat in the sea has created the meaning that the Titanic is grand. During the night, Rose running out from the restaurant and wants to jump out from the ship, the high angle shots has appears to make a contrast of the large of sea and the small of human. When Jack first time enter the first class lobby, the tilt up to the ceiling and follow shot of Jack has created the sense that the first class lobby is tall and wide, which means extravagant and also contrasting with the lower-class. The shot that Jack drawing the Roses nude pictures, close-up to their Roses eyes to convey the sense of Rose are feeling sweet and she is willing to be naked in front of the guys who she loved. The shot that tilt up to Rose that inside the save boat and tilt up to Jack that still at the ship, showing their eye contact and Rose thinking to going back to the ship. This scene is touching and created the meaning that they are not willing to separate. After the ship sank, Rose was lying on the wood. The tilt down shot created the meaning that human is the smallest item in the nature. At the end, close-up to the eyes of older Rose after she finished the story, this make a sense of vicissitudes of time, Rose has been old, but she is still remember the happening of the unforgettable night. These five mise-en-scene elements (setting, acting style, costume, space arrangement and lighting) are well done in the film Titanic, this is deserved to be the best Oscars film of the year. Based on this analysis, this has achieved the objective of find out the five mise-en-scene elements those are seen in the film Titanic. 4.2 Reporting of Focus Group Discussions Respondent M1 Name: Andy Gender: Male Course: Broadcasting Age: 22 Respondent F1 Name: Ewen Gender: Female Course: Broadcasting Age: 22 Respondent F2 Name: Chloe Gender: Female Course: Broadcasting Age: 22 Respondent F3 Name: Fish Gender: Female Course: Broadcasting Age: 21 Respondent F4 Name: Kiss Gender: Female Course: Broadcasting Age: 21 The above respondents name is anonymous due to confidential purpose Theme 1: The most preferred mise-en-scene element when viewing a film M1: I am most preferred acting style. Because a good acting style can lead the movie into higher level and credit for the whole artwork. For example in the film Titanic, Jack is trying hard to protect Rose and completed the mission impossible. I am most not preferred lighting when viewing a film. F1: Acting style. This is because if the actor and actress acting style are very poor, I will have no interest in it. But I am more preferred to costume when I am watching Titanic, because it can let me know about the costumes of last century of England and differences of costumes between rich and poor people. I am not preferred the space arrangement when viewing a film. F2: I am preferred acting style, setting and costume. Because those others elements only can guide audience fall into their movie. When jack hug rose in front of the ship, the scene very nice and romantic where fulfilled the 5 elements of mise-en-scene. I am not preferred space arrangement. F3: Agree! I am preferred acting style but not preferred space arrangement. Because the acting style of character can enhance the storyline of film. But when I watching the film Titanic, I am more preferred the setting in this film. The setting in the film that mostly is in the ship is suitable and luxurious setting, show the social status of some character. F4: I am agree with F3, I am preferred the setting when viewing a film. I like the setting of the movie because I like the titanic cruise. I am not preferred to the lighting. Theme 2: Ideological elements portrayed in the film Titanic M1: There have race studies, class studies, and postcolonial studies that portrayed in the film Titanic. The most memorable for me is class studies, lower class people playing lousy instrumental and sing local song under the ship. High class people play violin, piano and etc. F1: There have Class Studies that I have found in the film Titanic. Class studies is memorable to me because in this film always show that different class of people will get different treatment. F2: Race studies were portrayed in this film, because it shows the different races in the ship. F3: Class studies. Because this film has shows social status obviously through their lifestyle. And it also shows that same social status should be group together. F4: Same with M1, F1 and F3. Class studies is portrayed in this film because the status symbol in the movie is being portray most of the time especially the higher class will look down at the lower class. Theme 3: The most memorable scene in the film Titanic M1: The most memorable scene for me is Jack lets Rose lying on wood but he die in the cold ocean. Feel touching, romantic and scarifies and this man are strong without worry shake attack. Their acting is too real like suffering plight; audience can feel the pain and sadness. There also have others memorable scene such as drawing naked body, make love inside the car, you jump Im jump. F1: The most memorable for me is after the ship sank, when Jack and Rose in the sea, because Jack is very mighty, he allow Rose go up to the float board that only can support one person and keep remind Rose that, she need to live and cant die. He still holds Roses hand tightly, although he is died. It really very touches. The lighting and acting style are credited. This is because at this scene, the lighting only focuses on Jack and Rose face. So that, we can more focus on their face expression to more get into the storyline. An old couple hugs together and lying down on bed, when Jack and Rose dance at the lower class party also memorable to me. F2: I still remember the scene that both of them hug in front of the ship, having sex in a car, Jack drew Roses naked body and Jack slowly freezing to die in the iceberg ocean. The most memorable scene for me is when Jack hug Rose in front of the ship, because the scene very nice and romantic where fulfilled the 5 elements of mise-en-scene. F3: Scene of conversation between Jack and Rose when the ship sinking. Because the words that spoken by Jack is touching, I am feeling sad because they are going to apart forever. The setting has did well because there is spectacular during the ship is sinking. F4: The ship torn into two and everyone is falling from the ship. It is very spectacular. The acting style of the main character is good in this scene. They act very real although I know it is not real. Theme 4: Comment towards the film Titanic M1: Good and successful movie. Everyone knows Titanic and everyone watch Titanic even children today also watch. F1: Although Titanic is an old movie, but it is still very nice if comparing with the movie nowadays. It really very touches. This film was successful because it still let people remember till now. F2: Titanic is a film that never be forgotten by the people. I think this film is successful because I still can slightly remember the film even I watched it at around 9/10 years old. Its almost 12 years ago. F3: Titanic is a successful love story with romance storyline, acting style of character is good. A lot of people still remember the storyline of Titanic although it released for many years. F4: Titanic is a classic movie that you have to watch in your life time. Everyone knows about Titanic. Even they dint watch before but heard before. This is classic, nice and successful movie. 4.2.1 Summary of the Reporting on the Focus Group Discussion Through the reporting concerning to the focus group discussion, there have five of the respondent that consist of one male and four female, four of them said that they are preferred acting style when viewing a film. Respondent M1 said he preferred acting style, because the good acting style can lead the movie into higher level and credit for the whole artwork. Respondent F1 preferred acting style, she said that she will have no interest to certain film that the poor performance of actor or actress. But she is giving credits to the costume in the film Titanic, because giving her the knowledge about the England last century poor and rich people costumes. Respondent F2 has chosen three elements as her preferred mise-en-scene elements which are the acting style, setting and costume, because the lighting and space arrangement only can guide audience fall into their movie. Respondent F3 said that she is preferred acting style when viewing certain film; the reason is the acting style of cha racter can enhance the storyline of film. She said that she is more preferred the setting in the film Titanic, because the setting in this film that mostly is in the ship, it is suitable and luxurious setting, show the social status of some character in this film. Besides that, Respondent F4 has not preferred acting style but setting when viewing a film, she said that it is because she likes the Titanic cruise. M1 and F4 are not preferred lighting and also F1, F2 and F3 are not preferred space arrangement when viewing a film. Four of the respondents realize that the class study is strongly portrayed in the film Titanic. One of the respondents thinks that there were only race studies portrayed in this film. Respondent M1 said that the most memorable scene of class studies for him is the lower class peoples are playing lousy instrumental and sing the local song at the lower floor of the ship, but the high class peoples are playing violin, piano and so on. He also stated that there also have portrayed the race studies and postcolonial studies in the film Titanic. Respondent F1 said that the class studies is memorable to her because there is always showing different classes of people can get different treat in the ship. Respondent F2 said that the race studies were portrayed in this film, because the film has shows there have different races passengers in the ship. Respondent F3 said that the class studies were portrayed in the film Titanic, because this film has shows social status obviously through their li festyle. And it also shows that same social status should be group together. Respondent F4 has agreed with the class studies, because the status symbol in this film is being portrayed most of the time especially the higher class will look down at the lower class. For the most memorable scene in the film Titanic, only respondent M1 and F1 have the similar answer, others three respondents have different point of view. The respondent M1 said that the most memorable scene for him is Jack lets Rose lying on wood but he died in the cold ocean. This scene is touching, romantic and scarifies and this man are strong without worry shake attack. He also giving credits to the acting style in this film, he said their acting is too real like suffering plight; audience can feel the pain and sadness even only in front of the screen. Respondent M1 also recall back several memorable scene such as drawing naked body, make love inside the car and you jump Im jump scene. The respondent F1 said that the most memorable for her is after the ship sank, when Jack and Rose in the sea, Jack is very mighty, he allowed Rose go up to the wood that only can support one person and keep remind Rose that, she need to live and cant die. He still holds Roses hand tightly, althou gh he is died. It really very touches. Respondent F1 has credited to the lighting and acting style of this scene. This is because the lighting only focuses on Jack and Rose face. So that audiences can be more focus on their face expression to more get into the storyline. Respondent F1 also recall back some memorable scene such as an old couple hugs together and lying down on bed, when Jack and Rose dance at the lower class party. Besides that, the respondent F2 said that she still remember a lot of scene in this film such as the scene that both of them hug in front of the ship, having sex in a car, Jack drew Roses naked body and Jack slowly freezing to die in the iceberg ocean. Respondent F2 said that the most memorable scene for her is when Jack hug Rose in front of the ship, because the scene very nice and romantic where fulfilled the 5 elements of mise-en-scene. Respondent F3 said that the most memorable scene for her is the scene of the conversation between Jack and Rose when the ship is sinking. Because the words that spoken by Jack is so touching, she said that she was feeling sad because they are going to apart forever. She also giving credits to the setting of this scene, because there is spectacular during the ship is sinking. For the respondent F4, the most memorable scene for her is the scene that the ship torn into two and everyone is falling from the ship. She said that it is very spectacular. Th e acting style of the main character has credited because the acting is very real although she know it is not real. All of the five respondents are giving positive comments towards the film Titanic, all of them has said the film Titanic is an successful film production. Respondent M1 said the film Titanic is a good and successful movie. Nowadays, everyone knows Titanic, and everyone have watched Titanic even children today also watch. Respondent F1 said although the film Titanic is an old movie, but it is still very nice if comparing with the present movie. She said that this film is really very touches. This film was successful because it still let people remember till now. Besides that, respondent F2 said that the film Titanic is a film that never be forgotten by the people. She thinks this film is successful because she still can slightly remember the film even she have watched it at around 9-10 years old. Its almost 12 years ago. Respondent F3 also said that this is a successful love story with romance storyline; acting style of character is good. A lot of people still remember the storyline of Titanic although it released for many years. Respondent F4 also said that the film Titanic is a classic movie that everyone has to watch once in their life time. She said that everyone knows about Titanic. Even they didnt watch before but heard they have before. This is classic, nice and successful movie. As conclusion, in the overall focus groups discussion, most of the respondent said that the film Titanic is a successful movie, a lot of the memorable scene that they still remember until today. Most of the respondent preferred acting style when viewing a film, following is the setting. And also most of the respondent agreed that the class studies ideological element has portrayed in the film Titanic. 4.3 Summary Through the content analysis of mise-en-scene in the film Titanic, we can know about how the filmmaker is putting the five mise-en-scene elements into the scene. We can have a clear and deeply idea about the application of mise-en-scene. Besides that, through the finding from the focus group, we can know that the ideological elements portrayed in the film Titanic is class studies and the acting style is preferred when audiences viewing a film.

marketing Essay -- essays research papers

MARKETING CONCEPT: The broad definition of marketing describes it as the combination of all activities designed to generate and facilitate any exchange intended to satisfy human needs and wants. In this case, Kumar intends to market Swift’s runner shoes to Bangladesh. For successful marketing of the product, Swift has to prepare a marketing plan which consists of various tools like the 4 P’s of marketing, target marketing, segmentation, positioning etc. The promotional mix is also formulated which consists of advertising, direct selling, sales promotion etc which helps in the promotion of the product.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The marketing principle or concept : The central idea is the ‘matching’ between a company’s capabilities and the various wants of the consumers to achieve the objectives of both parties. (McDonald, 1999). It is also defined as the philosophy of doing business that emphasizes customer orientation and coordination of marketing activities in order to achieve the organization’s goals. The management of the marketing mix consists of the various tools and techniques that are available to marketers in order to implement the marketing principle. The marketing planning process is basically explained as a systematic way, or a logical sequence of identifying a range of options, choosing few of them, scheduling them, setting the marketing objectives and the formulation of plans for achieving them. Marketing planning is very essential for the proper running or any organization considering the complex and hostile environment for the operating company. Each of the typical objectives that the firms set, such as maximizing factors like profit, return on investment, revenue and minimizing costs has their own special appeal to the different managers depending on the nature of their particular function. (Miller & Layton, 2000) THE 4 P’S OF MARKETING : Marketing mix – Defined as the combination of elements such as product, pricing structure, distribution system and promotional activities that are used to satisfy the needs of an organization’s target market and accomplishing the firm’s objectives. When entering a foreign market, the company has the choice of pursuing basic marketing mix options such as: the mix remains unchanged, certain elements could be modified or a totally new mix can be formulated. (Keegan & Green, 1997) Thes... ...ntry – Bangladesh. The report develops the marketing mix, describes the product relates to all the 4 P’s of marketing. It also creates the promotional mix consisting of factors such as advertising, sales promotion, direct selling of the running shoes to the international market. Different marketing tools and concepts such as segmentation and positioning of the product have also been considered in this report. REFERENCES : Dommermuth, W.P. (1989) Promotion: Analysis, Creativity & Strategy (2nd ed.) PWS-KENT Publishing Company, Boston Keegan W.J. & Green, M.C (1997) Principles Of Global Marketing. Prentice Hall, New Jersey Kiel, G., Lusch, R.F., McColl-Kennedy, J.R. & Lusch, V.N. (1992) Marketing Concepts And Strategies (1st ed.) Thomas Nelson, South Melbourne. Lamont, D. (1996) Global Marketing (1st ed.) Blackwell Publishers, Oxford. McDonald, M. (1999) Marketing Plans: How To Prepare Them, How To Use Them. (4th ed.) Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford Miller & Layton (2000) Fundamentals Of Marketing (4th ed.) McGraw-Hill Company, Boston. Paliwoda, S.J & Thomas, M.J (1998) International Marketing (3rd ed.) Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford