Micro and macro environments of Pick n Pay free essay sample

The micro environment is the smallest of the three environments. This is the environment that is influenced by the market and the macro environments. Pick n Pay can control their beliefs and visions in such a way that customers become used to the way they operate. Some of their values include: honesty, integrity, freedom of speech, the best deals for their customers, a good service for their customers, staff benefits and a chance for staff members to be promoted, reward and innovation and taking individual responsibility. Pick n Pay always promises their customers fresh vegetables and fruit and will go out of their way to make sure that this takes place, if a certain type of fruit or vegetable cannot be found in that season they will note the customers of this problem and apologise for the inconvenience. Pick n Pay is a company that cares for its people, we believe in relationships; you don’t come here looking for a job, but for a career. We will write a custom essay sample on Micro and macro environments of Pick n Pay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Pick n Pay official website, 19 March 2014). This shoes how much of a family business Pick n Pay is, it does this to create a â€Å"home† feeling where you can enjoy shopping. Pick n Pay’s goal is to make sure that people can look after themselves and fend for themselves at the same time as looking out for others and making sure that the community and the people around them are as well off as themselves. Pick n Pay wishes to enhance and develop their skills for the future and to continue making the lives of other people better. Market environment: The market environment surrounds the micro environment. There are many franchises of the company around South Africa and expanding northwards to other African countries. Pick n Pay has an online shopping facility to bridge a gap between the customers and the actual store itself. By using online shopping, customers who cannot get to the shop can now purchase items at the tip of their fingers, elderly people can shop for themselves and choose what they would prefer rather than getting a helper to do their grocery and clothes shopping and coming back home with items they don’t enjoy. Pick n Pay uses a term called â€Å"the four legs to the retail table† in making their business successful. These four legs consist of ‘administration,’ ‘merchandise,’ ‘advertising and social responsibility’ and the ‘people’. With these four ‘legs’ the company is able to run without a lot of complications. By advertising the company gets people to come from all over to check out their products, Pick n Pay has many advertising ideas such as making a bit of humour with the customers to put them in a good mood, for example: (Pick n Pay advertising images, 2014) These advertising ideas are clever, friendly and unique and it draws a customer’s attention. Pick n Pay wants to be able to build a comfortable and understanding relationship with their customers, Pick n Pay supplies a cash back method to attract customers by using their Smartshopper cards, this helps the employees to get a feel of peoples shopping habits and to help them with seeing when and where a promotion or sale is happening on a product they usually use. By making a good relationship with the customers, Pick n Pay is doing well with their market environment. Pick n Pay is expanding across Africa and most recent, their company will open in Auas Valley Centre and will occupy a large warehouse, as well as this there will be more parking available. Macro environment facing Pick n Pay in 2014: There is a hugely decreasing amount of ocean fish on the market which is threatening the sea food department in Pick n Pay. The WWF’s response to the deepening crisis was to seek out key retailer partners with whom to strategically work through the chain of custody, at one end informing consumers about the threat to our marine ecosystems to influence demand, while at the other engaging with the fishing industry around responsible harvesting (Pick n Pay official website, 2014). We as a community can help out this sea food crisis by supporting positive decisions made when regarding the conservation of fisheries. If we as people continue to eat illegal caught fish and seafood we will not be able to continue eating the foods we so enjoy. Weather is another factor that influences the Pick n Pay Company, for say there is not a substantial amount of rain, or the climate is not warm enough for certain plants to grow in 2014, some vegetables and fruits may not be available and this could really damage the goals and reputation of Pick n Pay.

Economics Impact For Tourism Tourism Essays

Economics Impact For Tourism Tourism Essays Economics Impact For Tourism Tourism Essay Economics Impact For Tourism Tourism Essay The theoretical survey was conducted to depict the theoretical facets with a focal point on facets of comparing the boundary line town and the tourisms part to the province economic system and the state. For that, the location of the selected instance survey is the Rantau Panjang ( Majlis Daerah Pasir Mas ) , Pengakalan Kubur ( Majlis Daerah Tumpat ) and Bukit Bunga ( Majlis Daerah Tanah Merah ) . Third three boundary line metropoliss such as stated in the National Urbanization Policy ( NUP ) is the focal point of the concern activity for tourers sing the province of Kelantan.Thus, indirectly doing the surveies country as a taking concern touristry location in the province of Kelantan as Padang Besar in Perlis Indera Kayangan and Bukit Kayu Hitam in Kedah Darul Aman. Furthermore, through theoretical research carried out, the information obtained will be used as a footing for measuring the boundary line town which impact economically executable with the reaching of tourers to the country. The boundary line town will represents of Kelatan to vie with Padang Besar in Perlis and Kedah Bukit Kayu Hitam, all next to Narathiwat state in southern Thailand will be developed with more vivacious intended to advance tourer reachings thereby bettering the economic position of the local people, the province and the state. 2.2 Definition Definition is an of import thing for a thing easy understood by the reader. Thing defined is: 2.2.1 Comparative Refer to Pearson Education Limited ( 2000 ) , comparative agencies comfort freedom etc. that is reasonably good when measured or judged against something else or against what the state of affairs was earlier. For illustration, After a life-time of poorness, his last few old ages were spent in comparative comfort . Other that, Pearson Education Limited ( 2000 ) defined comparative is a survey etc. that involves comparing something to something else that is similar such as The agent prepared a comparative market analyses. Last, the book besides added comparative is person who is non truly a novice etc. but who seems to be one when compared to other people like Even though we ve lived here five old ages, we re still considered comparative fledglings , Pearson Education Limited ( 2000 ) . 2.2.2 Boundary line A boundary line town is a town or metropolis near to the boundary between two states, provinces or parts. Normally the term implies that it is one of the things the town is most celebrated for. Border towns can hold extremely widely distributed communities, a characteristic they portion with port metropoliss. They can besides be flash points for international struggle ( Wikipedia ) . It besides added, in Malaysia, we have eight boundary line towns where one Malaysia to Singapore and other seven are Malaysia to Thailand. Border town for Malaysia to Singapore is between Johore Bharu / Woodlands and for Malaysia to Thailand are Bukit Kayu Hitam ( Kedah ) / Sadoa, Padang Besar ( Perlis ) / Songkhla, Wang Kelian ( Perlis ) / Satun, Pengkalan Hulu ( Perak ) / Betong, Pengkalan Kubor ( Kelantan ) / Tak Bai, Rantau Panjang ( Kelantan ) / Sungai Golok and Bukit Bunga ( Kelantan ) / Buketa. 2.2.3 Town Refer to Yuen ( 1999 ) , in her book Sustainable Cities In the twenty-first Century , metropolis or town is a strategic type of topographic point for development economic globalisation and cardinal topographic point to the multiple circuits. Harmonizing to Mohamad Sulong ( 1985 ) , a metropolis is a mix between topographic points with dwellers. City is besides defined as a whole of natural elements, societal and semisynthetic those are grouped in one the country s most thickly settled. At the same clip the population has a high cultural accomplishments including diverseness of accomplishments but are unable to bring forth sufficient energy such as bring forthing nutrient. Additionally Sulong Mohamad said, the metropolis can besides be considered an unfastened ecosystem that developed urban civilization through the exchange of stuffs and energy. There are two constituents that are the footing for the formation of urban metropolis inhabitants and the urban environment. Obviously it shows that the metropolis is an ecosystem in which it occurs in three interactions, viz. : Feedback continues to go on in the metropolis between the human, cultural and physical environment. Physical or natural environment may act upon the signifier, map and growing of metropoliss and Urbanization involves alterations to the environment ; However, the metropolis exists through a procedure known as urbanisation and urbanisation that contains the followers: Minimal population of 10,000 people ; Colonies and committed country approved ; Minimum gross denseness of population is 50-60 people per hectare ; 60 % of the population aged 15 old ages and above work. Harmonizing Katiman Rostam ( 1988 ) , urbanisation as a procedure of alteration a colony to the metropolis. This procedure of alteration is normally seen in footings of the constituents consist of the size of population, demographic, economic and cultural development which will alter from the countrified nature into the metropolis. Kingsley Davis ( 1972 ) besides stated the township as a procedure of concentration of population life in the part can be considered urban. It is measured by comparing the per centum of population life in metropoliss with life in rural countries. Urbanization is besides a procedure of building and urban growing. This means that any addition in the urban population is a consequence of internal growing, in-migration and the development of urban infinite itself. Population growing and development in an urban infinite coincide for both types of these developments influence and it is besides influenced by the environment. 2.2.4 Tourism The Consice Oxford Dictionary defines touristry as organised touring , yet this definition poses more inquiries than it answers. One of the first serious efforts to specify touristry was by Professor Hunziker and Krapf of Berne University. They defines touristry as the amount of the phenomena and relationship originating from the travel and stay of non-residents in so far as they do non take to lasting abode and are non connected with any earning activity. Another manner to near the construct of touristry is to analyze the separate elements that the word comprises. Tour means to travel or go through ism denotes a aggregation of thoughts and theories. Using this attack, Leiper ( 1990 ) says that touristry is the set of thoughts, the theories or political orientations for being a tourer and it is the behavior of people in tourers functions when the thoughts are put into pattern. Jafari ( 1977 ) viewed touristry from an academic point of view as a field of survey. He defined touristry as the survey of adult male off from his usual home ground of the industry which responds to his demands and of the impacts that both he and the industry have on the hosts socio economic and physical environment. 2.3 Measuring the Economic Impacts of Tourism Alan Collier ( 1989 ) , mensurating the economic impact of touristry is non easy undertaking due to the fact that it is non frequently regarded or recognised as an industry per Se by states for statistical intents. This is because industries are normally categorised or defined in national histories as a group of manufacturers providing or bring forthing a similar merchandise or service. He besides adds, touristry merchandises and services can cut transverse criterion industry definitions. This means that methods of measuring, other than a state s standard industrial categorization, are needed if the touristry industry s true part to a state s economic system is to be recognised. Refer to The World Travel and Tourism Council ( WWTC ) , produces information on the economic significance of universe touristry besides utilizing Tourism Satellite Accounting. The Tourism Account is based on a demand side construct of economic activity. To implement a demand side attack for touristry, the Satellite Account identifies two major constructs: Travel and Tourism Consumption Travel and Tourism Demand These constructs differentiate between the proficient industry impact ( Travel and Tourism Consumption ) and the broader travel and touristry economy impact ( Travel and Tourism Demand ) . Loosely talking, the industry impacts are identifiable as direct impact while the economy impacts can be identified as the amount of both direct and indirect impacts ( The World Travel and Tourism Council ) . The council besides add, from an industry ( ingestion ) position, travel and touristry green goodss merchandises and services which visitants consume. These include: 2.3.1 Consumer Outgo Consumer Expenditure besides know as Personal Travel and Tourism or Personal Consumption Expenditure ) . These include the personal disbursement by occupants ( domestic touristry ) on services that are usually associated with travel and touristry ( adjustment, transit, amusement, repasts, fiscal services, etc. ) every bit good as goods which are purchased by occupants and used for travel and touristry activities. Consumer outgos are normally the largest constituent of the demand side industry. 2.3.2 Business Travel This includes the outgo of both concern and authorities on concern travel. This outgo mirrors that of personal ingestion ( transit, adjustment, repasts, amusement, etc. ) but is undertaken in the class of concern or authorities work. 2.3.3 Government Expenditures ( single ) This point includes authorities support of sections and bureaus which provide services and / or support to tourers or touristry administrations. Examples include the support of NTOs, runing in-migrations and imposts installations and the disposal of national park and militias, museum, etc. 2.3.4 Visitors Exports Visitors exports are outgos by international visitants on goods and services in a resident economic system. And, from an economy ( demand ) position, travel and touristry green goodss merchandises and services for visitant ingestion ( as discussed ) every bit good as merchandises and services for industry demand, including: 2.3.5 Government Expenditures ( corporate ) Government outgos by bureaus and sections associated with travel and touristry, but made on behalf of the community at big, such as air power disposal, security services, sanitation services, route, etc. 2.3.6 Capital Investment Capital investing by travel and touristry suppliers ( the private sector ) and authorities bureaus ( the populace sector ) to supply installations, equipment and substructure to visitants. 2.3.7 Exports ( non-visitor ) This which include consumer goods sent abroad for ultimate sale to visitants ( such as vesture, electronics or gasolene ) or capital goods sent abroad for usage by industry services suppliers ( such as aircraft or cruise ships ) . 2.4 Tourism Growth and National Economies Harmonizing to Andrian Bull ( 1991 ) , was said holding examined some of the microeconomics related to travel and touristry, and in peculiar the functions of tourers in demand and touristry administrations in supply. In many economic systems, the travel and touristry sector has for clip been recognised as a major country of activity which both draws upon the resources of those economic systems and affects their nature and development. Then he adds, authoritiess have progressively seen tantrum to utilize touristry as a topic or agent of macroeconomics policies. Tourism frequently has a high engagement in policies related to employment degrees or the balance of payments whose significance in modern macroeconomic direction is high. 2.4.1 The National Economy In the book The Economicss of Travel and Tourism, Adrian Bull ( 1991 ) was province that the size and value of a national economic system is usually expressed as the entire value of all goods and services produced by the economic system during a specified clip period such as on twelvemonth. For convenience it calls Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) . The two chief elements of GDP are goods and services produced for ingestion ( C ) , or usage in their ain right and those produced for fixed capital formation or investing ( I ) in capacity to bring forth farther goods and services. This simple definition GDP = C + I assumes that an economic system is closed to foreign trade. As this is an unrealistic premise for about all economic systems, should include the value of all exports ( X ) , but exclude that of all imports ( M ) of goods and services during the chosen clip period. The definition is so improved a small and reads GDP = C + I + X Meter, ( Adrian Bull, 1991 ) . Adrian Bull ( 1991 ) province more, travel and touristry is likely to calculate in all facets of GDP. First, most outgo by tourers would be regarded as ingestion disbursement ( C ) , if it is for domestic touristry or for the place provided elements of an international trip. Second, outgo by concerns on edifice, works equipment and so on to supply touristry services is portion of investing ( I ) , much of which is likely to be authorities outgo particularly on substructure. Third, a tourer who is passing money in a foreign state or going on transit services owned by other states is in a sense importing services. This outgo is a escape from the national economic system. Finally, he said, the rearward state of affairs provides an export when a state can sell its transit or touristry services to international tourers from elsewhere. 2.4.2 Factors Affecting Tourism s Contribution to GDP Variations in touristry s functions in and part to national economic systems in different states are caused by a figure of factors. Some of these are demand side factors ( that is the importance of touristry is partially determined by the strength of domestic and inward demand for local touristry ) , but the ability of a touristry sector to spread out within an economic system to fulfill these demands and make more depends more often on supply side factors. Tourism in this regard is no different from any other sector ( Adrian Bull, 1991 ) . The factors are: The Stock of Resources In traditional economic footings, these include the resources of land, labor, capital and endeavor. Travel and touristry make some particular calls on peculiar resources concerned with land and its properties and the singularity or simple ownership of these properties can finally order whether or non an economic system is likely to be able to back up a touristry sector. De Kadt ( 1979 ) was province, the function and activities of modern touristry nevertheless demand far more than merely land properties. Most touristry involves some component of service which requires a competent and willing labour force. Whilst many occupations in the industry may non necessitate a really high degree of traditional accomplishments or makings the presence or absence of a pool of labor with a positive attitude towards touristry and tourers is of critical importance. Equally, an economic system s willingness and ability to provide the capital investing required for a touristry industry, in the form of substructure, hotels ; transit and so on will act upon the size to which that industry can turn. The State of Technical Knowledge Many less developed states have regarded touristry as an easy industry to develop, because it demands comparatively low engineering compared with many other industries and accomplishments which can be easy mastered. Examples range from the ability to run fleets of big cost efficient aircraft with the associated engineering in reserves and rider handling, through to proficient invention in supplying more interesting all season attractive forces. When proficient progresss are applied to bing inputs of other resources, they enhance the productiveness of the industry concerned and hence its part to GDP. Certainly at that place will ever be a topographic point for low engineering touristry, peculiarly whilst there are market sections which intentionally seek out the simple or natural life ( current manners in ecotourism support this position ) , but dominant civilizations in touristry bring forthing countries will guarantee that returns within touristry sectors will go on to be high where supported by good proficient cognition and applications. Social and Political Stability Adrian Bull ( 1991 ) , was give his sentiment that, non-economic factors, peculiarly cultural and political 1s have long been recognised by economic experts as critical in finding the capableness and growing of sectors in an economic system. Since consuming tourers must travel to the factory to purchase the merchandise, societal and political conditions in that factory will straight act upon the acceptableness of the merchandise and hence the success of the industry. Social and political stableness has been cited as features of the touristry merchandise ( Van Raaji 1986, Woodside and Lysonski 1989 ) , which for many touristry sections straight influence demand. As societal and political conditions may be far more variable in a finish than say the stock of productive resources they are more likely to be responsible for short term fluctuations in the value of the touristry sector. Attitudes and Habits Adrian Bull ( 1991 ) agrees another major non-economic determiner is that of psychosocial values both of providers and devouring tourers. First, the attitudes of a host population towards tourer and in peculiar those of workers within the touristry sector are an of import aspect of the touristry merchandises and their influence is similar in nature to that of societal and political stableness. Second, they said on the demand side, touristry devouring wonts are of import. Burkart and Medlik ( 1981 ) were province two bring forthing markets with similar degrees of income may all things being equal have different leanings to go. This may be a map of cultural and traditional values, attitudes or the quality of clime and physical milieus at place. Investing Economies which possess a good stock of resources available for usage in touristry may hold a head start in developing the sector but the degree of investing or fixed capital formation which an economic system undertakes is progressively of import. Compared with heavy fabrication for illustration, touristry has non traditionally required such significant investing in works and equipment per dollar of end product yet some countries of the industry are going more demanding of fixed capital formation notably rider passenger car, adjustment and substructure ( Adrian Bull, 1991 ) . Adrian Bull attention deficit disorder more, some investing is required to replace worn out capacity such as replacing old aircraft or worn out hotel trappingss. However, an industry which is both to a great extent influenced by manner tendencies and hosts its clients in its factory , must necessarily put in new and expanded installations as portion of its competitory scheme. An economic system s ability and willingness to supply finance for such investing influences touristry s function in that economic system. 2.4.3 Problem in Measuring Tourism s Contribution to GDP In the book The Economicss of Travel and Tourism, Adrian Bull ( 1991 ) , gauging the value to any economic system of any sector is ever a slippery process. Estimating the value of a service sector is possibly even more hard than with goods, owing to the non-tangible nature of merchandises. Tourism is peculiarly hard because of the fuzzed definitions of services included in it. He said once more despite these troubles, most states still try to supply an estimation of the value of touristry for comparative and planning intents. This value will be a drumhead of private commercial minutess openly accounted for. However, it will be unequal to allow an accurate appraisal of the real value of the sector because it will be omit some positive and negative points the most of import of which are: Unpaid Services Unpaid services are those performed for no payment or a payment in sort or reciprocality. If no payment of any sort is made, one can reason that no economic activity has taken topographic point even though the service exists but an economic dealing surely exists for a mutual or barter payment. Non Accounted Services Non accounted services are those which take topographic point and for which payment is received normally in hard currency but are non accounted for usually. This may be to avoid revenue enhancement, rewards ordinances or for simple convenience the overall consequence is sometimes designated the black economic system. Non accounted services are really common in travel and touristry peculiarly in cordial reception, cab drive, and keepsake merchandising and so on where there is frequently much portion clip work, tips and 2nd occupations or moonlighting. Many research workers have attempted to gauge the size of the block economic system but by definition this is about impossible. Fanciful Costss Fanciful costs are those which relate in rule to activity A, but are accounted for within activity B. One illustration in touristry comes from 2nd place ownership. If a vacationist buys a 2nd place which appears merely as a one time and for all belongings purchase that place may be used by holidaies. Owners so pay no recurrent adjustments costs, but may be considered to be paying a notional rent to themselves equal to the commercial rental value of their belongingss. This is portion of the real value of touristry. Public and Private Revenue Distribution Public and private gross distribution concerns the differentiation between sourcing and utilizing grosss earned by the private sector in one country, but spent by the populace sector in another. For illustration, if a authorities levies a tourer revenue enhancement and uses this gross in outgo on agricultural support, it must be decided whether touristry includes the gross value cyberspace of revenue enhancement with the revenue enhancement being included under agribusiness. Otherwise there would be dual numeration. Balance of Payments Anomalies Balance of payments anomalousnesss in countries such as touristry investing repatriation of net incomes and foreign exchange values of touristry grosss expressed in drifting currencies, cause measuring jobs. Social Costss and Benefits Social costs and benefits are the differences between the value of private commercial minutess and their value to an economic system or society as a whole including 3rd parties. Travel and touristry brings benefits but imposes costs on 3rd parties in many ways in such a manner that the societal net merchandise of the sector may be rather different from the private net merchandise. It has been suggested ( Samuelson 1989 ) that this can be accounted for throughout an economic system by utilizing the Nordhaus Tobin step of Net Economic Welfare for an economic system instead than GDP. Social costs and public assistance ensuing from touristry are having increased attending from economic experts ( Clarke and Ng 1993 ) . Public Goods Public goods are in a sense portion and package of societal benefits. Governments are progressively cognizant of the value to society of for illustration, national park, outstanding scenery or heritage edifice for which no tourer entryway monetary value has hitherto been charged. The existent value of touristry might include the fanciful monetary values that users may be willing to pay multiplied by the figure of users. 2.5 Methods of Measurement Tourism analysts have identified four chief basic measuring methods ( Frechtling 1987a ) : Direct Observation of Outgo Ideally, to follow tourers everyplace and enter their outgo would supply an accurate record of a ingestion attack to GDP part. This is obviously impossible and would even be hard to carry through for a sample of tourers whose consequences could so be multiplied by entire tourer Numberss. The lone executable alternate prevarications in acquiring a sample of tourers to diarise their ain outgo. Direct Observation/Census of Receipts A direct income attack to rating consequences from aggregating all gross revenues grosss figures from touristry endeavor. This information may come from authorities trade ministry nose count returns or revenue enhancement returns instead than from direct point of sale observation. Analysts have noted that whilst touristry gross revenues values by travel concerns or bearers are moderately accurate values from amusement, diversion, lodging and similar concerns are less so merely because many providers can non separate to the full between gross revenues to tourers and gross revenues to non-tourists. Surveies of Tourists En path or in finish sample studies of tourers are used widely in touristry value analysis. They can be reasonably dependable except for callback prejudice, and unrealized purposes ( in a study carried out when a tourer stay in unfinished ) . For those go throughing through entry or issue points to a finish, gate methods are available that is entry or issue studies. These are popular for usage with international tourers at issue ports. Another job is that to multiply outgo by tourers Numberss is easy plenty for international tourers where in-migration record are held but house servants tourers Numberss are often no better than a guesstimate . Household Surveys It is possible to gauge touristry outgo at the bring forthing point by family studies in which general family outgo can be disaggregated and touristry disbursement isolated. Coupled with an analysis of concern travel disbursals from revenue enhancement returns these can supply a moderately dependable image of touristry coevals outgo. In pattern many analysts combine the above methods and may farther construct them into simulation theoretical accounts of assorted sorts. For illustration, a known dislocation of touristry and non-tourism disbursement in a travel sector can be applied to gauge the touristry constituent of outgo in a housing sector or one can multiply known procedure of tourer merchandises by estimated visitant figure. Most such theoretical accounts are an aggregate theoretical account that is ; they build up a entire value for travel and touristry from single sector or local country outgo. Bank Returns In some fortunes other methods of touristry value measuring are available. In economic systems whose foreign exchange controls are tight and where incoming international tourers must pass in the local currency ( presuming import and export of that currency is non permitted ) , the entire value of personal foreign currency exchanges reported by Bankss frequently provides an estimation of foreign tourers disbursement. 2.6 Forecasting the Value of Tourism Refer to Adrian Bull ( 1991 ) , in order to supply for policy and planning, many authoritiess and other establishments attempt to calculate facets of touristry activity. In the context of GDP, the most of import prognosiss are those of touristry demand ( in Numberss of tourers domestic, inbound and outbound ) and touristry outgo either in absolute footings or relation to the remainder of GDP. The variables are normally: Number of tourers Entire outgo or per capita outgo Tourism market portions The touristry sector portion of GDP 2.7 State of Kelantan Structure Plan Structure Plan is a papers that contains the physical planning policy and strategic recommendations with regard to the province of development and usage of land. It is provided by the Director of the State Planning so approved by the State Planning and must be agreed to by the State. State Structure Plan was gazette by NO.1 Vol 62 on January 1, 2009. It s called KELANTAN STRUCTURE PLAN 2020. Policies outlined State Structure Plan ; 2003-2020 will be the footing of the cardinal mention in the planning and development of the touristry sector Pasir Mas territory. Even the appropriate policies are translated into programs, plans and development undertakings in the study findings and farther detailed in the Draft Local Plan. Give the resulting policy is the policy of the province, so it will be adjusted harmonizing to the involvements and demands of touristry development in Pasir Mas territory graduated table. Two constituents, viz. policy specific policies and policy topics as follows: DSaˆ?PLl: Lima ( 5 ) zon pelancongan dengan niche produk masingaˆ?masing akan dibangunkan bagi memperkukuhkan lagi daya tarikan pelancongan negeri Kelantan secara keseluruhannya DSaˆ?PL2: Pembangunan empat hirarki nodusaˆ?nodus perkhidmatan pelancongan bagi mempertingkatkan kualiti dan kuantiti penyediaan kemudahan pelancongan, infrastruktur dan informasi. DSaˆ?PL3: Pemeliharaan alam semula jadi perlu diutamakan melalui pembangunan eko pelancongan dan geo pelancongan yang mampan, khususnya bagi kawasan sensitif alam sekitar agar kualiti persekitaran sedia adenosine deaminase tidak terjejas secara kritikal. DSaˆ?PL4: Memperbaiki dan mempertingkatkan taraf kemudahan sokongan pelancongan sedia adenosine deaminase bagi mencapai kualiti perkhidmatan dan produk yang bertaraf antarabangsa untuk menarik ketibaan pelancongan yang lebih ramai DSaˆ?PL5: Pemantauan dan pengawalan kualiti perkhidmatan dan produk pelancongan perlu dijalankan secara berkala dan berterusan untuk menghasilkan tahap keselesaan dan kepuasan pelancongan yang memuaskan di samping mewujudkan tarikan yang value for money . DSaˆ?PL6: Mempertingkatkan usaha pemasaran dan promosi yang disasarkan kepada dua segmen utama iaitu pelancongan antarabangsa dan domestik berdasarkan produkaˆ?produk pelancongan yang spesifik. DSaˆ?PL7: Menyelaraskan plan pembangunan, promosi dan pemasaran produk pelancongan bagi mewujudkan suatu plan kempen pemasaran yang menyeluruh, mantap, telus, konstan dan berdaya saing. DSaˆ?PL8: Mempertingkatkan tahap kesampaian parity pelawat ke kawasan tarikan dengan penyediaan sistem rangkaian pengangkutan yang lebih efektif, efisien dan selamat. DSaˆ?PL9: Memastikan agar pembangunan pelancongan akan memberikan pulangan ekonomi kfpada penduduk setempat di samping mengambil kira nilai sosial dan kebudayaan masyarakat tempatan. DSaˆ?PL10: Pembangunan industri hasil kraftangan tempatan perlu diintergrasikan untuk meningkatkan position kraftangan Kelantan, di samping memberikan pulangan ekonomi kepada penduduk setempat. DKaˆ?PL1: Membangunkan produk tinggal bersama keluarga di kampungaˆ?kampung terpilih sebagai perintis projek di dalam usaha untuk mempertlngkatkan taraf ekonomi penduduk tempatan. serta memperkenalkan kampung tersebut sebagai satu destinasi pelancongan utama. DKaˆ?PLl: Membangunkan produk geo pelancongan yang Akan menjadi suatu tarikan pelancongan alternatif yang unik bagi menarik pelancong antarabangsa dan tempatan pada Masa hadapan. 2.8 Local Plan 2.8.1 Rantau Panjang 2.8.2 Pengkalan Kubor 2.8.3 Bukit Bunga 2.9 Decision

Man Killed in Sydney Shooting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Man Killed in Sydney Shooting - Essay Example Local people are strictly prohibited to get into the area until the investigation process is in progress and police advice the people for not to come across the street and try to avoid it. However, even after several primary investigation process police is still unable to identify any criminals or suspects. As the shootout was held in the evening the police have decided to close the road from late evening. Even though the investigation is taking place still the criminals are still free and no one is yet arrested by the police. The case is in progress and the murderer is still undetected. Moreover, the increasing number of crime in Australia is affecting its social and political stability to a large extent. Thus, the local people are getting affected by the increasing criminal activities in Australia (The Australian, 2014). The Social Structure Theory mainly implies the relationship between various attributes of the society. The social structure theory is mainly based on the three modules those are a strain, cultural deviance theory, and social disorganization theory. The objective of these components of the theory is to provide support for understanding individual behavior towards the criminal behavior. In this context, the cultural deviance fits appropriately for the case. The cultural deviance theory is a combination of the social disorganization and strain theory. The criminal activities taking place within the society, which is mainly witnessed amid the lower grade people with a poor mentality. From the above case, it is found that the crime has taken place in a roadside area. Police, however, suspects that there might be some involvement of the mafia gang who are experts in this kind of activity as referred to in the case. The cultural deviance theory signifies that the upbringing or the family cu lture of a person can lead them towards the crime.  

Mandatory Soft Body Armor Safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mandatory Soft Body Armor Safety - Essay Example Organizational theory gives a conceptual framework on how organizations should be structured and how people will be integrated into it for effective performance. The basic objective of a theory is to explain the nature of organization and help to predict how it would behave under various circumstances (Tosi p 6). OT analyzes the structure and process of the organization by describing the effects of different variables on the behavior of people of the organization. It therefore gives a theoretical basis for managers to be able to predict the behavior and therefore design the organization to influence their behavior to meet the goals of the organization. A highly centralized and formalized (mechanistic bureaucracies) type of organization would be best suitable when various tasks to be performed is well-understood, unchanging and how to best execute is clearly spelt out. On the other extreme there may be organizations which do a high level of non-routine tasks (research), where there is no well defined or right way of doing defined, but has to be done through innovation and intuition. These may require highly decentralized organizational struct ures with empowered teams with powers suitably delegated. Contingency theory gives insight to managers on design of organization when facing different situations. Management decision making at various levels be it corporate strategy level decision making (how to design organizational process), functional level such as marketing (how to align operations with its strategy), IT and communications (how to design information systems) and Human Resources (how to fix compensation structure, training) will all need a conceptual understanding of organizational theory. Decision making on organizational structure and design, be it for the entire organization or for specific functional areas, can be made better, if concept of organizational theory is well understood. Organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior is concerned about the individual in the organization within the context of an organization. Human capital is an important resource in the organization and a manager has to get the best from it he needs to understand human behavior in organisations. Concepts of individual personality, traits, and abilities will help management in their decisions at the time of recruitment, promotion and making career development plans for its employees. It will help management decide on the best fit for various positions. Enlightened managers understand that an employee, very often, perceives management action affecting him as something quite different from what management intended it to be. An appreciation of one of the concepts of OB, perception, will help a manager to understand such situations better and come out with better decisions. Attitudes can significantly influence the behavior of person at work. Management is constantly worried about attitudes of its workers towards its policies and decision making on pay, compensation and rewards. Positive employee attitude is a

Take home assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Take home - Assignment Example The population of both plants and animals evolved in accordance to the doctrines and dictations of natural selection. The first account on natural selection was steered by Charles Darwin, where he proposed that the continuation of a species is based on its flexibility in responding to the changes in stimuli. The crop plant has undergone this form of selection, since the crops selected for cultivation have been identified in accordance to the necessities of the human cultivators. Response to Question 2 Crop Top producer country (2010) Total worldwide production (2010) Wheat Russia 651 million tones Rice China 821 million tones Soyabeans Thailand 635 million tones Peanuts China 624million tones Corn USA 718 million tones Respond to Question 4 The disease burdens of humans after the Neolithic Revolution (the origins of agriculture) are considered by Spencer Wells to be trans-generational effects. The trans-generational effects including disease burdens he considered and discuss how thes e various burdens have changed over time since agriculture began. Response to Question 5 Human culture is centered on the possible models of sustenance that a population adopts to meet their daily survival. These models are frequently affected by the changes in the climate. Various adjustments are deployed upon the occurrence of adjustments in the climatic patterns reflect similar adjustment in the adopted models of sustenance. This eventuates in an adjustment in the cultural practices attributed to a given community. Response to Question 6 Spencer Wells identifies speech coherence as a chief contributory factor in the success of the Homo sapiens, as compared to the Neanderthals. His argument is based on the activities of the two stages of human development. The Neanderthals are described to have engaged on sustenance models that did not involve communal efforts. Hunting and gathering was among the central models identified. On the other hand, Response to 8 Plato’s Glaucon id entified morality as the compromise between the desire to commit injustice and the knowledge that one might be the recipient of such injustice. How well does Wells’ proposal for achieving consilience concerning the origins of agriculture, greed, materialism, the rise of family values and fundamentalism identify with hunting and gathering people’s mythos? Response to Question 8 1. Researchers have identified a compound in cilantro, a key component of Mexican and other dishes that kills harmful Salmonella bacteria. It shows promise as a safe, natural additive that could help prevent foodborne illnessA foodborne illness (also foodborne disease) is any illness resulting from the consumption of food. Although foodborne illness is commonly called food poisoning, this is often a misnomer. .....Click the link for more information.. Although previous studies by scientists showed that salsa has antibacterial antibacterial  /an ·ti ·bac ·te ·ri ·al/ (-bak-ter?e-al) de stroying or suppressing growth or reproduction of bacteria; also, an agent that does this. an ·ti ·bac ·te ·ri ·al adj.activity, this is the first time that the researchers isolated any of the antibacterial compounds from it. The compound--dodecenal--was isolated from the fresh leaves of cilantro, or coriandercoriander  (kor'ean`d?r), strong-smelling Old World annual herb (Coriandrum sativum) of the family Umbelliferae (parsley family), cultivated for its fruits. .....Click the l

A Chinese Multinational Computer Hardware Marketing Essay

A Chinese Multinational Computer Hardware Marketing Essay Lenovo Group Limited is a Chinese multinational computer hardware and electronics company with its operational headquarters in Morrisville, North Carolina, United States and its registered office in Hong Kong. Its products include personal computers,  tablet computers,  mobile phones, workstations,  servers, electronic storage devices, IT management software and  smart televisions (Wikipedia, 2012). Lenovo is the dominant supplier of computers in Mainland China; however,  current economic system is transferred to be more globalised, integrated and interdependent. Thus for many enterprises or just like Lenovo, to have a plan on the international expansion strategies is of the essence. This report will analyse Lenovo PC businesss marketing mix and marketing strategy through environment, target market, positioning, and 4P. Brand History and Evironment 1.1 Brand History In 1984, with an initial capital outlay of only RMB200,000, (US$25,000) Lenovos founding chairman Liu Chuanzhi, together with 10 like-minded colleagues, launches the New Technology Developer Inc which was named Legend at that time (Lenovo Company History, n.d.). By 1989, now known as Hong Kong Legend has branded out into motherboard manufacturer and it has changed its name to Lenovo and launched itself on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 1994 (Malone, 2004). In 1996, Legend became the market share leader in China for the first time and introduced the first Legend brand laptop to consumers. In 2005, Lenovo completes the acquisition of IBMs Personal Computing Division, making it a new international IT competitor and the third-largest personal computer company in the world (Lenovo Company History, n.d.). According to the data, Lenovo has become the worlds second largest supplier of  personal computers  during the third quarter of 2011, which held around 13.5% of the worldwide compute r market as of October 2011 (Conn, 2011). Today, Lenovo is a global corporation with significant operations on six continents and operating in more than 60 countries and selling products in 160 countries (wikipedia, 2012). 1.2 Internal Environment Figure 1 Marketing Environment Competitive Economic Macro-environment Micro-enviroment Political-Legal Technological Social-Culture Competitors Customers General Public Distributors Suppliers Internal environment Men Money Machinery Materials Minutes Started from a square room, only 11 individuals Lenovo Group, currently has more than 10,000 employees. Facing with rapid development of the internet, April 2000, Lenovo Group restructured the whole company, from the division as the core system to a subsidiary of the core change in the system. Today, Lenovo has the most advanced technology in China, the high-level professionals, and abundant capital support, for example, its gross profit margin improved 11.7 percent in 2011 (Lenovo, 2011). Meanwhile, the Lenovo Groups management level has been committed to developing the development strategy, implementing the management philosophy, maintaining and carrying forward the corporate culture, in order to make the Lenovo to become a long-term, large scale high-tech enterprise. 1.3 Micro-Environment 1.3.1 Bargaining power of suppliers PC belongs to sophisticated instrument; therefore, the worldwide major CPU vendors are only two: AMD and INTEL. So the CPU suppliers has a strong bargaining power. On the other hand, there are many hardware providers in Chinese mainland, so for Chinese PC market, the local brand Lenovo has obvious advantages. 1.3.2 Bargaining power of buyers Because more and more PC brands can be chosen by consumers in global market, consumers have the ability to replace a companys products with the goods or services from a competing firm. 1.3.3 Potential new entrants and Threat of substitute products Because the cost of entering the PC market is high and the PC industry require the patent as a basis to develop the company, the threat of new entrants can be moderate. Additionally, the product like smart mobile phone may become substantial product for PC. It has many functions like PC which bring the large value to the customer. However, in the short term, it has little impact on Lenovos marketing strategies. 1.3.4 Rivalry among competitors In Chinas PC market, Lenovo is the number one PC vendor, which occupies the largest proportion of Chinas PC market share. Overall, rivalry is moderate in China. However, facing with HP, Dell, and Acer etc. in global market, Lenovo has to enhance the function of its PC products and the quality of sevices in order to gain competitive edges in some specific markets. Figure 2 illustrates the market share in U.S. PC market during the third quarter in 2012. Figure 2 Preliminary U.S. PC Q3 2012 Market Share by Vendor Chart by  The Mac Observer  from IDC data 1.4 Macro-Environment 1.4.1 Political-Legal environment In the 1980s, Chinese Academy of Sciences invested a lot of money when Lenovo needed financial support to develop itself. Indeed, Lenovo has a strong political background in China and it has been regarded as the birthplace of Chinas computer technology. Additionally, as a global company, Lenovo has to comply with unfamiliar laws and regulations. 1.4.2 Economic Environment Firgure 3 Lenovo RD Center in ShenZhenWith the increase income of Chinese consumers, people increasingly like to put money in hi-tech products, such as laptop, digital camera, and smart mobile phone. However, in global market, with the deepening of European debt crisis, the global economic are facing deflation and the unemployment rate are shotting up. Consumers wil be more prudent to make decision in purchasing. 1.4.3 Technological Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences which has 1,800 talents in From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediathe field of computer technology can povides efficient and effective support to Lenovo during RD process (Wikipedia, 2012). A prevalent trend that some hi-tech companies have cooperated with PC firms, such as HuaWei and Cisco, improving the existing products and offering better customer service challenges the PC leader of Chinas market. 1.4.4 Social-Cultural Environment To remain competitive, Lenovo must be sensitive to societys demographic shifts and changing values. However, in the global PC market, because the characteristics of the population, values and attitudes of consumers, and lifestyle are various, it is difficult to satisfy every consumer. Additionally, raising the awareness of consumerism is important to current companies. 1.4.5 Competitive Environment The competition of hi-tech products is very fierce in global market. Lenove are facing with some outstanding company, such as Apple, HP, and Dell. The products from different companies with various distinguishing features attract consumers to buy, which increase the level of competition. Furthermore, the indirect competition also has an impact on this market, such as smart mobile phone and iPad, because Wi-Fi makes the Internet available via radio waves and can be accessed at any number of public hot spots. Target Market and Positioning 2.1 Target Market Market segmentation is an inevitable trend in a mature market. The target market for a product is the specific segment of consumers most likely to purchase a particular product. Marketers should try to isolate the traits that distinguish a certain group of consumers from the overall market, in order to serve consumers and maximize the profit. 2.1.1 Geographic Segmentation From 2009 to 2012, Lenovo divided the overall market based on mature market and emerging market. However, from January 2012 onward, Lenovo gave up this method of market segmentation, while Lenovo divided the global market into four parts: Chinese market, North American market, EMEA market (Europe, Middle East and Africa market) and Asia Pacific Latin American market. In this four parts, Chinese market has a large number of population, which means great potential for profit growth. In contrast, North American market is relatively difficult to enter, because it is a mature market and consumers are loyal to former brands, such as Dell and HP. Overall, Lenovo combine its marketing efforts for countries and regions that share similar population and product-use patterns instead of treating each country or region as an independent segment. 2.1.2 Demographic Segmentation Gender: the purchasing habit of women can not be overlooked in PC market, because most woman buyers focus the stylish appearance and lightweight portable design rather than the computer performance, such as software and hardware. Age: tweens and teens usually use their computer for study and online game, while Generation X use their computer for work and social contact. Lenovos two main PC products ThinkPad and IdeaPad are different. Specifically, The IdeaPad design marked a deviation from the business-oriented  ThinkPad  laptops, towards a more consumer-focused look and feel (Jackson, 2008). Income and Expenditure patterns: because the income directly determine the purchasing power of consumer, Lenovo PC products are distributed across low end market, mid-range market and high end market. Figure 4 ThinkPad logo and IdeaPad logo From Lenovo official website 2.1.3 Psychographic and Behavioural segmentation Lenovos marketers quantify aspects of consumers personalities and lifestyles to create goods and services for a target market. For example, Lenovo products advertisements are different in Mainland China and America. Because consumers in China focus on the performance of the product while American consumers focus on the spirit that the product convey. Furthermore, most Chinese PC consumers like comparing goods before taking money form their wallet, while European consumers prefer to pursue high-quality product and to make decision quickly. 2.2 Positioning From the view of laptop market structure, business market account for the largest proportion of laptop market share, especially in government, manufactoring industry, school and university, and financial industry. From the view of sales, mid-range market is the most important part while the sales in low end market increase rapidly. The target market selection of Lenovo PCs is based on market size, development prospects, business goals and competitive advantages. To maintain the leading position in the Chinese market, Lenovo PCs must be on the market for comprehensive coverage. Specifically, Idea-branded focus on individual and family consumer market with low price and stylish design, which targets to low end market. While Think-branded focus on medium and small business, not-for-profit organizations, which is committed to provide a stable, safe, and high-quality computer product. Furthermore, because of the acquisition of IBMs personal computer business, Lenovo have the ability to en ter the high end business market. IBM PCs regard the high end of key account market as the target market. The distinct level of Lenovos marketing positioning helps distinguish its products from those of competitors and provides a basis for marketing communications. Marketing Mix Variables 3.1 Product Strategy Lenovo targets clearly its product strategy at the diversification development in such a new information era. Lenovo leads the PC industry in product innovation and it mainly focuses on PC business. Therefore, we divide products of Lenovo into two parts: laptop and desktop. 3.1.1 ThinkPad IdeaPad ThinkPad were originally an IBM product, which is line of business-oriented laptop computers known for their boxy black design (Wikipedia, 2012). ThinkPad series is made up of T series, X series, L series, W series, and ThinkPad Edge and each of them has their own feature. Specifically, T series is the most popular ThinkPad because of its performance and portability; X series is the thinnest and lightest with the longest battery life; L series is the green choice for professionals; W series is defined as a portable workstation. The IdeaPad line of consumer-oriented  laptop computers  was introduced in January 2008. The IdeaPad is the result of Lenovos own research and development (Wikipedia 2012). IdeaPad consist of U series, Y series, Z series. Specifically, U series is a stylish choice for everyday use; Y series design for gamers, movie buffs and audiophiles; Z series has a balance of price and multimedia features. 3.1.2 ThinkCentre IdeaCentre There are two series of ThinkCentre: ThinkCentre Edge Series (stylish, business-class) and ThinkCentre M series (sophisticated space-savers, dependable business partners). ThinkCentre is a system that combines reliability with ease of use. The marketing concept of ThinkCentre is You name the challenge, well bring the solution. IdeaCentre were described by HotHardware as being uniquely designed, with users needing to gaze on each one to see which design would look best in your place.(Willington, 2011). Indeed, IdeaCentre desktops come in all shapes and sizes.   Theres the skinny all-in-one that hides its working bits, the tiny nettop no larger than a book, and the regular desktop that traditionalists will view with satisfaction. Figure 5 Lenovo IdeaCentre 3.1.3 Service and Warranty From hothardware.comLenovo services is various depending on different kinds of customers. For example, Lenovo offers a comprehensive portfolio of value-added services that support the full lifecycle of Lenovo assets to large enterprises while Lenovo offers warranty support services and accidental damage protection to personal and home. 3.2 Promotion Strategy Lenovos prior goal is to create a new and successful international brand by the advantageous promotion of IBM; therefore, advertisement is the best option for this goal. Then promotional activities are also in effective and direct ways. 3.2.1 Advertising Lenovos personal computer mainly targets some individual clients made up of personal and home groups, and some small-and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, the advertisement should be designed differently according to different segments. However, IBM aims at high-level computer market oriented to large organization for commercial functions. Therefore, advertisement strategies for ThinkPad are designed in an orientation of commercial application. Because consumers in China focus on the performance of the product while American consumers focus on the spirit that the product convey, the style of Lenovo advertisement is different globally. 3.2.2 Personal Selling The marketing strategies for individual users and large enterprises are different in requirements to sales person. As for individual users, what sales person need are a full set of materials of new products, like specific introductions, on-site demonstration disc, some certifications, and some samples. In addition, the training offered to salesperson is necessary including sales technologies, products knowledge, and companys regulation. In contrast, for the large enterprises, Lenovos salespersons play pivotal roles in promotion. Because they do not only promote products, but also perform necessarily in public relations, sales, training, commerce and customer services. 3.2.3 Sales Promotion Public Relation Because of two different product orientations, they will be differentiated in promotional activities. Personal and home groups consumers will mostly buy from stores or agents, and their purchasing behaviors are readily influenced by promotional activities. Therefore, users promotional activities are more effective for this type of users. However, ThinkPad goes oppositely since its users are mostly large enterprises commercially, and they unlikely go into some stores to buy a ThinkPad. Therefore, promotional activities will not work the same effectively as individual users do. Thus some special activities will introduced, such as inviting them to products exhibition or new products training, trial for new products for VIP clients, or organizing some member club to promote new products by conference, traveling, or sightseeing to enhance brand images and improve the knowledge or ThinkPad products. It is worthy mentioning that Lenovo was an official computer sponsor of the  2006 Winter Olympics  in  Turin,  Italy, and the  2008 Summer Olympics  inBeijing. In July of 2012, Lenovo and the National Football League (NFL) announced that Lenovo had become the NFLs Official Laptop, Desktop and Workstation Sponsor. 3.3 Pricing Strategy The objective of Lenovo is to capture a substantial market share and attract more and more buyers to buy its products. Lenovo pricing stratrgy is based on offering the consumers high quality at low price as well as competitor pricing. Lenovo has always maintained a product mix such as bread and butter products like 3000H series and high end products like ThinkPad and ThinkCentre, which helps Lenovo develop a vast range in its prices. The pricing of some models in America market are as follows: Lenovo  Y Series Laptops are priced  from $600- 1000 Lenovo U  Series  Laptops  are  Priced from  $500- 800 ThinkPad XZ series are priced from  $1000- 2000. Obviously, the laptop price is so competitive in current commercial situation that it should be considered at the first place of production based on a short lifecycle in high-technology industry. Therefore, perception value pricing of Lenovo is adapted to gain an acceptable profit. The middle and high-level Lenovo products are priced to compete in market, therefore, the price of these products should be referred to competitive products. Indeed, For comparable products, Lenovo priced its products at about two-thirds of foreign-made PCs (Xie, 2004, p. 412). In order to maintain the largest share and leader position in Mainland China and remain competitive in global market, Lenovo is a market follower after Dell and HP and this pricing strategy can allow them to ensure values as well as the optimal price of the products. Additionally, Lenovo constantly offers discounts on its  products through its showrooms and online purchases which are often in the range of  25-30%. Also there are many coupon codes and promotional codes available on all product models which add to the total discount. 3.4 Place Strategy 3.4.1 RD Center and Marketing Center Because HongKong is a global center of intermediary trade, it has a more perfect and more complete market in information channel than Chinese mainland. So Lenovo established the RD center and marketing center in Hongkong, in order to acquire the timely market information and technology information and thus shorten the product development cycle and closely follow the international trend. 3.4.2 Wide Coverage A direct marketing strategy is implemented to target the new industry and new big organization. However, the combined channel modes of retailors and agents are basically applied in individual buyers. The market Lenovo targets is not only China, but also other countries. The scope and extension it covers is featured to be in large quantity, wide distribution, and diversity of channels. Therefore, Lenovo choose intermediate channels like provincial retailors or regional wholesales in order to occupy a greater market. 3.4.3 Outlets and Sales Channel Most PC buyers purchase their products through retailer. Lenovo find that Internet buying is convenient for customers to compare products, specifications, prices and after-sales services. Some loyal customers like to buy products in Lenovo specialty shops. Today, Lenovo has the excellent distribution channel consist of 6,000 retail outlets in China that nearly impossible for foreign and even most domestic competitors to replicate. Figure 6 lenovo specialty shop From File Photo/ China Times 3.4.5 Transportation and Stock Level Modern logistics is important to Lenovo, that is say, Lenovo transportation is based on customer needs, carrying the products form supplier to demand side with the most economical cost. From 1995, Lenovo began to implement SCM system (Supply China Management). In 2004, Lenovo carried out VMI mode (Vendor Managed Inventory), thus almost 90% inventory were outsourced to Third-party logistics firms. 4. Cohesive Marketing Mix The 4Ps strategies of Lenovo forms a cohesive marketing mix in an effective and innovated way. Lenovo is transcendent in a vision of its market orientation and products innovation. It develops a systematic strategy with a good combination of two different brands in different levels. By definition, Lenovo improves its products designs and quality to reach an international level in order to meet the requirements of PC users all around the world. Regarding to its market orientation, Lenovo covers low level, medium level, and high-level products, targeting various users ranging from individuals to large enterprises. The pricing is also tactically different in different levels, so that Lenovo products can reach different users from personal utility to commercial application. In addition, it also optimizes different distribution channels and lowers the cost of producing by different segmentations of personal computer users by an application of direct market penetration to individuals and c ombined marketing channels to those large enterprises. Therefore, the promotion should also be designed in a different ways, from advertisement to salesperson training. The market mix of Lenovo successfully integrates product, price, place and promotion strategies in its market orientation and its maximum profits. Only in this way, can such a growing Chinese brand enter an international market to compete with its innovation and creation. 5. Target Market and Marketing Mix Variable There are many methods to segment the overall market. After that, the company will choose the appropriate market as their target market. As to Lenovo, from 2009 to 2012, Lenovo divided the overall market based on mature market and emerging market. However, from January 2012 onward, Lenovo divided the global market into four parts: Chinese market, North American market, EMEA market (Europe, Middle East and Africa market) and Asia Pacific Latin American market. Specifically, in mature market like North America, Lenovo covers low level, medium level, and high-level products, targeting various users ranging from individuals to large enterprises. Additionally, Lenovo is a market follower after Dell and HP and this pricing strategy can allow them to ensure values as well as the optimal price of the products in North American market. In contrast, Lenovo attack emerging market, such as Kenyan market, with cheap PCs, and the product range is fewer than American market. Furthermore, The Group s PC business across the mature markets are facing challenges in the retail channel due to significant slowdown in consumer demand. On the other hand, Lenovo begin to set up more specialty shops in Africa and Latin America, because people there dont adapt to online shopping and the demand from enterprise and government is low. Overall, Lenoovos target market will be considered when making decision about the four marketing mix variables. 6. Positioning Strategy Facing the volatile market and ever-shifting needs of customers, Yang Quanqing (2001), Chief Executive Officer, said that Our Protect and Attack strategy is working and will continue to guide our execution. Lenovo aims to extend the leadership position and increase profitability in China and relationship business in mature markets. In contrast, in emerging markets and transactional sales in mature markets, Lenovos focus will be on capturing growth. Although in recent years, Lenovo aims to extend the business beyond the traditional PC arena and to capture opportunities globally in the rapidly growing areas including mobile internet, smart TV, etc., the PC business remains as the Lenovos core business and Lenovo consistently accelerate the growth and expand market share by delivering quality products to customers around the world. Lenovo outgrew the worldwide PC market in unit shipments, and gained market share across all geographies, products and customer segments, making it the worlds fastest growing PC company. Lenovo divides its PC brand into two parts: Idea-branded and Think-branded. Specifically, Idea-branded focus on individual and family consumer market with low price and stylish design, which targets to low end market. While Think-branded focus on medium and small business, not-for-profit organizations, which is committed to provide a stable, safe, and high-quality computer product. The positioning strategy of Lenovo PC business is very effective. The company saw a record high in sales and market share despite an ongoing downturn for the overall PC industry. Based on data from IDC, Lenovo held  15.7 percent of the global PC market by November 2012, its highest market share ever. 7. SWOT Analysis 7.1 Strengths Lenovo is the leader in chinese PC market, accouting for over 30 percent market share. Under the support and protection of government policies, Lenovo can focus on product research and marketing. There are about 6,000 Lenovo retail outlets in China that nearly impossible for foreign and even most domestic competitors to replicate. Globally, after the acquisition of IBM PC division, Lenovo brand image has been enhanced. More and more overseas customers are willing to purchase Lenovo PC products. Lenovo has the excellent distribution channel not only in china but also all over the world. 7.2 Weaknesses Globally, the single marketing channel leads the products and services mainly sold by monopolized stores. Lenovo does not has its own core technology and it has to follow Intel trend. Too many staffs lead to the overstaffed orginizational structures. The human resource, technology, and capital need to be intergrated after the acquisition of IBM PC division. 7.3 Opportunities PC market is dynamic. prompt response to market changes and solid execution with a clear vision are crucial to continued growth of Lenovo. There is a potential for great development in Chinese market and other emerging markets. 7.4 Threats Acer, Dell and HP are the main competitors in global PC market. Today, there are too many cheap PC products appearing in the world and the market protect in some countries is strong. In addition, some smart mobile phones like iPhone can become the substitute. 8. Conclusion 8.1 What Is the Company Doing Well Liu Chuanzhi (2011), the chairman of the board, stated that we will continue to invest in innovation, marketing, and branding to protect our core business and drive growth through attacking. Four parts have been considerated in making decision in Lenovo: credibility, differentiation, product life-cycle, and evolution. Specifically, first of all, Lenovo is the leader in Chinese PC market, and the brand recognition and traditional reputation of Lenovo are very good in China. In global market, from 2005 to 2010, the Group used IBM logo optimally to build brand Lenovo, which led Lenovo to be known by overseas customers. Second, the differentiation of PC products in performance, style, and services make Lenovo have the ability to deliver the high quality, reliability and durability to meet various of customers demand. Third, every product has its own lifecycle. Facing with this problem, Lenovo delicates some new product strategies in light of the lifecycle as follow: improve products desi gn and products innovation, decrease of product costs and optimize the distribution, and integrate service system and develop the service quality. At last, The PC market is expected to experience more and rapid evolutions in the future. Lenovo continues to leverage spirit of innovation and history of technological breakthroughs to into new product categories and drive future growth. In addition, Lenovo actively took step in asserting its position as a global leader by launching its new global branding campaign. Known as Lenovo: For Those Who Do, the campaign captures the essence of who we are as a company, and the customers we serve. Lenovo does more than just build technology; it creates engines for the worlds doers and the mind-blowing things they create. The Groups breakthrough products are made to serve people on the quest to build whats next. 8.2 Suggestion Lenovo do not have its own core technology in PC business, which means Lenovo have to highly rely on CPU vendors like Intel and AMD. Therefore, in oreder to maintain market share and competitive advantages in global market, Lenovo should allocate more money to technological innovation and product upgrade. Other than that, Lenovo can copy Dell success model, which Lenovo can invest in special computer for certain industry, such as financial industry, education industry, in order to expand the coverage of the products. Lenovo pricing stratrgy is based on offering the consumers high quality at low price as well as competitor pricing. However, in recent years, more and more individual and family buyers reflect that there is price discrimination existing between Chinese market and North American market. Chinese market is Lenovos test bed. Most new products will be evaluated in Chinese market before selling abroad. However, Lenovo can not use its leadership in PC market to make money, regardless of consumers profit. In mature market, the Groups PC business are facing challenges in the retail channel due to significant slowdown in consumer demand; therefore, Lenovo should set up online-sale network and develop and maintain the relationship with the suppliers,distributors, and large enterprises. Although the brand image has been enhanced in recent years, especially after the acquisition of IBM PC division, Lenovo should continue to emphasize the global concept of product design and implement Protect and Attack strategy which protects the core business in China and relationship business in mature markets while attacking high-growth opportunities in emerging markets.

Working Under Supervision

Generally teamwork can be defined as a group of people working under supervision together to accomplish specified goals. In nursing the main goal is to improve the patient’s health and promote recovery. Supervision, according to Harries (1987), means â€Å"to be in charge of a group of workers or students and be responsible for making sure that they do their work properly† [Longman (1995, p. 1449)]. Working with a group of people has the potential for being a supportive and enriching experience.It increases the nurse’s knowledge, acquired by sharing experiences, skills, ideas and techniques obtained by watching, observing and learning from other members of the team when performing a task. Nurses are required to work as part of multi-disciplinary teams (MDT). The care and management of individuals, relies heavily on the participation in team based efforts and requires individuals who share a common goal, in order to create a well managed health care system. The co ncept of team work within health care was created to â€Å"provide quality holistic healthcare to every patient†.Each team member must have a clear role and contribute effectively in order to maintain a well balanced and supported environment. It gives the patient high standard of care: It creates an opportunity for every member of the team to provide information about the patient’s need which can be orally or written, this will allow the care team to have an insight and understanding of how to offer the best possible care for the patient. Teamwork makes the duties easier and faster: If every member of staff collaborates and works together, less time is required to carry out the job and it is easy.In this case, the workload is well distributed and this relieves stress, saves useful time that can be used to observe patient needs, deterioration and improvement. There is less chance of inaccuracy because each member is focussed and co-ordinated on his or her work thereby enhancing effectiveness, whereas if it was one person doing the job the person is running from one point to the other in order to meet up with patient’s need thereby creating room for mistakes and disorganisation [Potter and Perry (1995)].In conclusion teamwork is very important in nursing and can also be enjoyable if all members are actively and sincerely partakers to ensure that the work is rational to every member and also meet targets. [Potter and Perry (1995)] Working under supervision builds the nurse’s character, confidence and self-esteem knowing that the supervisor cares about the work done. This will stimulate the nurse to be of good conduct. In the same way, patients feel safeguarded and confident knowing that there is a competent person in charge.According to Fowler (1995) Supervision involves a learning, supportive and monitoring process. The learning process exposes the nurse to liaise with other professional bodies such as the doctors, radiotherapists, p orters, cleaners, healthcare assistants, and paramedics and so on, as well as the patients and family members. The monitoring process could be formal or informal to assure that the desired standard is achieved. The supportive process includes discussion of difficulties, challenges, dilemmas and solution of how to deal with them so that positive goals are achieved [Hinchliff S. 2008)]. These processes are essential and vital for the health and safety of the patient. The nurse can then learn how to deal with challenging situations which promotes the delivering of high standard of care to the client. In contrast, when there is no supervision there is no opportunity to update knowledge, develop and improve skills. The nurse might be implementing the wrong skill or technique in attending to a patient. This might have a dangerous effect on the patient and the overall team.

Hello

My weaker points in English are essay writing, especially introduction and conclusion paragraphs and poetry analysis. Based on what I know about the course, I feel like I will have to put in a lot of effort to pass the APE exam due to my weakness in essay writing. This year I would like to focus on getting my writing skills up to par for the APE exam. ASK ABOUT THIS PARAGRAPH I recently turned 16 as I said earlier. I live with my mother and 14 year old brother, who also goes to Stanton.My dad is in the Ana so right now he's stationed in Pensacola and comes home every other weekend. We live on the west side and my neighborhood school is Baldwin. I was born in Jacksonville but moved to Virginia for 4 years the summer after 5th grade. We moved back to Jacksonville 5 years ago. I play softball for the school, I think it starts sometime in the beginning of the 2nd quarter. I hope to participate in multi this year but I haven't decided what group I want to try out for yet. I like to read a s I mentioned before.The two series I'm interested in I can only get the books at the library after putting them on hold, so it's taking me a while to finish the series. Over the summer I put â€Å"Insurgent†, the second book in the â€Å"Divergent† trilogy, on hold but when it arrived at the library we were on vacation in Grenade. I can be reached through email at [email  protected] Net. My home phone number is 904-329-3237. My cell phone number is 757-256-9756. It would be best to call the house phone if it is something important. Hello Date of Submission January 14, 2013 Problem Statements: Paragraph 1 This paragraph should contain five sentences only. Write about your culture, something about your family generation before your parent's generation, how are you connected to the generation prior to your parent's generation, tell us about your parents and siblings, your community when growing up and your current community, and something about yourself. All paragraphs with over five sentences will receive a minus five points per extra sentence.Please only five sentences. A culture was not really told to me the only thing that my sibling and I were told was to not get pregnant before we are married and have a career and to always get a good education. The only thing I know about my grandparent’s generation is that my mother’s parents did not finish elementary and that my father’s mother was held back a grade because of her height. I am very connected to my grandparents, they just do not talk much ab out their past.I have a little sister, who is 18 years old and a little brother that is 6 years old; the community we grew up in was in the suburbs and was very quiet, the neighbors were friendly and we all got along, we never had break ins because it was a gated community. The community I live in now is the total opposite it is always loud music playing, homes are getting broken into, people are always arguing; I am 21 I am a senior, I am funny, smart, and goofy. Paragraph 2 Write about your major, why you have chosen the major and what have you done prior to college to prepare for success in your current major. There must be five sentences.Why are you taking this course? Please do not say as an elective. Tell us how it fits into your overall academic goals. All paragraphs with over five will receive a minus five points for each extra sentence. Please only five sentences. My major is Special education. I originally was a elementary schools education major but I had gotten a job tha t involved working with individuals who had special needs and I enjoyed it I still do till this day, I decided to change my major to special education. Prior to attending college I did not really do anything to prepare for success in my major because I started out as a nursing major.I am taking this class not only as an elective, but so I can get the content I need to know to be able to successfully teach early childhood students as well as students with special needs. This class fits into my overall academic goals because without this class I cannot get my endorsement to teach early childhood students. Paragraph 3 From the readings in â€Å"Current Readings in Nursery School/Kindergaten Education† – pages 129-141 â€Å"The New First Grade: Too Much Too Soon? † share with us, what your experience was like in the first grade. Combine the readings with your real life experiences.You must include citations from the readings for credit. List the page number and para graph number of the citation. 10 sentences required. What I can remember about my experiences in first grade where that we had these little white books that had 5-7 words on each page. We would receive a book every day and were required to read it that night to a parent or guardian and have them initial a paper saying that we had read the book to them. In the book, it state â€Å"Kids are tested every eight weeks to see if they are hitting school, district and statewide benchmarks†(pg. 133P 3).I remember having to take these benchmark tests, because the class that had the highest benchmark test scores would get a pizza party or extra time at recess. In the middle of the school year the teachers would stop teaching all the other subjects and would start teaching us what was going to be on the TAAS test. My parents did not believe that I was getting challenged enough in the G. T program (Gifted and Talented), so they moved me to a private school. I remember this because my firs t day of school I felt so behind because for one I was moved on the middle of the school year and two the students were already learning how to subtract.At the school I had just left we were only adding single and double digits and subtracting single digits. My new school the students had already been taught how to subtract double digits and they were learning the hundreds place value. After my first week of school I was so far behind that they asked my parents about putting me in remedial classes my parents were upset that someone would ask them that and got me a tutor, since then I have received excellent grades. Hello KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN CCE CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES 2012-13 CLASS VII (Seven) ENGLISH FIRST TERM: APRIL –SEPTEMBER 2011 | | |Unit/Lesson/Topics to be covered |Mode of Assessment |Skills |Suggested value points | | |*Prose: The Three Questions |Comprehension check |Reading |Understanding | | |Poem: The Squirrel |Quiz ( Ants ) |Compeering |Pronunciation | | |*Supp: The Tiny Teacher |Recitation |Listening |Fluency | | | |Diary Entry |Speaking |Confidence | | | |Narration |writing |Format | | | | | |Expression | | |*Prose: The Gift of Chappals |Comprehension Check | Reading |Understanding | | |Poem: The Rebel |Informal Letter |Writing |Fluency | | |*Supp: Bringing up Kari |Anecdote (looking after an animal or needy without |Creative |Accuracy | | |*Supp: The Desert |elder’s knowledge. |Thinking Skill |Content | | | | |Speaking |Presentation | | |*Prose: Gopal & the Hilsa Fish Poem: The Shed |Comprehension |Understanding |Expression | | |*Supp:The Cop & the Anth em & Golu Grows a nose. Dramatization |Vocabulary |Presentation | | | |Spellings |Speaking |Confidence | | |Reading 20 |Diary Entry |Acting |Content | | |Writing 20 |Comic Creation |Drawing | | | |Grammar 15 | |Writing | | | |Literature 25 | | | | | |REVISION | |FA I 10 | | | | |FA II 10 | | | | |SA I 20 | | | | |TOTAL 40 | | | | | | | | | | | |SECOND TERM : OCTOBER 2011 –MARCH 2012 | |Topics | Mode of Assessment |Skills |Value Points ( areas) | | |*Prose: The Ashes that made Trees Bloom Poem: |Comprehension check |Understanding | | | |Chivvy |Outline story construction The Woodcutter& the Axe |Writing | | | | |Recitation |Speaking | | | | | | | | | |*Prose: Quality | Reading Paragraph/Slogan writing on Trees | Understanding |Confidence | | |Poem: Trees |Speech on Freedom is Life |Creative skills |Expression | | |*Supp :I want something in a cage | |Speaking |Content | | | | | |Fluency | | | | | |Presentation | | |*Prose: Expert Detectives | Comprehension check | Understanding Skill |Compre-hension | | |Poem: The Mystery of the Talking Fan. *Supp: |Project on Sherlock Holmes |Writing |Content | | |Chandini | |Analytical |Presentation | | | | | | | |*Prose: The Invention of Vita -Wonk | Comprehension |Reading |Content | | |Poem: Dad & The Cat &The Tree |Paragraph Writing on Wonders of Science |Writing |Pronunciation | | |*Supp: The Bear Story |Recitation |Speaking |accuracy | | | |Discuss –Shoot animals with a Camera-,not a gun. Listening | | | |*Prose: Fire: Friend and Foe |Comprehension |Understanding |Confidence | | |*Prose: A Bicycle in Good Repair |Fire Safety Measures Speech |Speaking |Accuracy | | |Poem: Meadow Surprises |Article Writing –SAVE TIGERS |Writing |fluency | | |*Supp : A Tiger in the House | |Creativity | | | |*Prose: The Story of Cricket I & II |Bio sketch of a favourite cricketer |Writing |Expression | | |Supp: An Alien Hand |Findings about Planet Mars. ( Mini Project) |Investigating |Presentation | | |*Poem : Garden Snake |Cricket quiz |Compeering |Confidence | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Reading 20 | | |FA III 10 | | |Writing 20 | | |FA IV 10 | | |Grammar 15 | | |SA II 40 | | |Literature 25 | | |TOTAL 60 | | |Revision | | | | | | | | | NOTE: In addition to consolidating the items learnt earlier, the following will be introduced and recycled through the Upper Primary Stage (Classes VI, VII and VIII) through the lessons given in the Main Text Books. †¢ Determiners * Passivisation * Linking Words * Adjectives (Comparative and Superlative Forms) *Adverbs (Place and Type), *Modal Auxilliaries * Tense Forms * Word Order in Sentence Types * Clauses * Reported Speech Hello Date of Submission January 14, 2013 Problem Statements: Paragraph 1 This paragraph should contain five sentences only. Write about your culture, something about your family generation before your parent's generation, how are you connected to the generation prior to your parent's generation, tell us about your parents and siblings, your community when growing up and your current community, and something about yourself. All paragraphs with over five sentences will receive a minus five points per extra sentence.Please only five sentences. A culture was not really told to me the only thing that my sibling and I were told was to not get pregnant before we are married and have a career and to always get a good education. The only thing I know about my grandparent’s generation is that my mother’s parents did not finish elementary and that my father’s mother was held back a grade because of her height. I am very connected to my grandparents, they just do not talk much ab out their past.I have a little sister, who is 18 years old and a little brother that is 6 years old; the community we grew up in was in the suburbs and was very quiet, the neighbors were friendly and we all got along, we never had break ins because it was a gated community. The community I live in now is the total opposite it is always loud music playing, homes are getting broken into, people are always arguing; I am 21 I am a senior, I am funny, smart, and goofy. Paragraph 2 Write about your major, why you have chosen the major and what have you done prior to college to prepare for success in your current major. There must be five sentences.Why are you taking this course? Please do not say as an elective. Tell us how it fits into your overall academic goals. All paragraphs with over five will receive a minus five points for each extra sentence. Please only five sentences. My major is Special education. I originally was a elementary schools education major but I had gotten a job tha t involved working with individuals who had special needs and I enjoyed it I still do till this day, I decided to change my major to special education. Prior to attending college I did not really do anything to prepare for success in my major because I started out as a nursing major.I am taking this class not only as an elective, but so I can get the content I need to know to be able to successfully teach early childhood students as well as students with special needs. This class fits into my overall academic goals because without this class I cannot get my endorsement to teach early childhood students. Paragraph 3 From the readings in â€Å"Current Readings in Nursery School/Kindergaten Education† – pages 129-141 â€Å"The New First Grade: Too Much Too Soon? † share with us, what your experience was like in the first grade. Combine the readings with your real life experiences.You must include citations from the readings for credit. List the page number and para graph number of the citation. 10 sentences required. What I can remember about my experiences in first grade where that we had these little white books that had 5-7 words on each page. We would receive a book every day and were required to read it that night to a parent or guardian and have them initial a paper saying that we had read the book to them. In the book, it state â€Å"Kids are tested every eight weeks to see if they are hitting school, district and statewide benchmarks†(pg. 133P 3).I remember having to take these benchmark tests, because the class that had the highest benchmark test scores would get a pizza party or extra time at recess. In the middle of the school year the teachers would stop teaching all the other subjects and would start teaching us what was going to be on the TAAS test. My parents did not believe that I was getting challenged enough in the G. T program (Gifted and Talented), so they moved me to a private school. I remember this because my firs t day of school I felt so behind because for one I was moved on the middle of the school year and two the students were already learning how to subtract.At the school I had just left we were only adding single and double digits and subtracting single digits. My new school the students had already been taught how to subtract double digits and they were learning the hundreds place value. After my first week of school I was so far behind that they asked my parents about putting me in remedial classes my parents were upset that someone would ask them that and got me a tutor, since then I have received excellent grades. Hello My weaker points in English are essay writing, especially introduction and conclusion paragraphs and poetry analysis. Based on what I know about the course, I feel like I will have to put in a lot of effort to pass the APE exam due to my weakness in essay writing. This year I would like to focus on getting my writing skills up to par for the APE exam. ASK ABOUT THIS PARAGRAPH I recently turned 16 as I said earlier. I live with my mother and 14 year old brother, who also goes to Stanton.My dad is in the Ana so right now he's stationed in Pensacola and comes home every other weekend. We live on the west side and my neighborhood school is Baldwin. I was born in Jacksonville but moved to Virginia for 4 years the summer after 5th grade. We moved back to Jacksonville 5 years ago. I play softball for the school, I think it starts sometime in the beginning of the 2nd quarter. I hope to participate in multi this year but I haven't decided what group I want to try out for yet. I like to read a s I mentioned before.The two series I'm interested in I can only get the books at the library after putting them on hold, so it's taking me a while to finish the series. Over the summer I put â€Å"Insurgent†, the second book in the â€Å"Divergent† trilogy, on hold but when it arrived at the library we were on vacation in Grenade. I can be reached through email at [email  protected] Net. My home phone number is 904-329-3237. My cell phone number is 757-256-9756. It would be best to call the house phone if it is something important. Hello KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN CCE CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES 2012-13 CLASS VII (Seven) ENGLISH FIRST TERM: APRIL –SEPTEMBER 2011 | | |Unit/Lesson/Topics to be covered |Mode of Assessment |Skills |Suggested value points | | |*Prose: The Three Questions |Comprehension check |Reading |Understanding | | |Poem: The Squirrel |Quiz ( Ants ) |Compeering |Pronunciation | | |*Supp: The Tiny Teacher |Recitation |Listening |Fluency | | | |Diary Entry |Speaking |Confidence | | | |Narration |writing |Format | | | | | |Expression | | |*Prose: The Gift of Chappals |Comprehension Check | Reading |Understanding | | |Poem: The Rebel |Informal Letter |Writing |Fluency | | |*Supp: Bringing up Kari |Anecdote (looking after an animal or needy without |Creative |Accuracy | | |*Supp: The Desert |elder’s knowledge. |Thinking Skill |Content | | | | |Speaking |Presentation | | |*Prose: Gopal & the Hilsa Fish Poem: The Shed |Comprehension |Understanding |Expression | | |*Supp:The Cop & the Anth em & Golu Grows a nose. Dramatization |Vocabulary |Presentation | | | |Spellings |Speaking |Confidence | | |Reading 20 |Diary Entry |Acting |Content | | |Writing 20 |Comic Creation |Drawing | | | |Grammar 15 | |Writing | | | |Literature 25 | | | | | |REVISION | |FA I 10 | | | | |FA II 10 | | | | |SA I 20 | | | | |TOTAL 40 | | | | | | | | | | | |SECOND TERM : OCTOBER 2011 –MARCH 2012 | |Topics | Mode of Assessment |Skills |Value Points ( areas) | | |*Prose: The Ashes that made Trees Bloom Poem: |Comprehension check |Understanding | | | |Chivvy |Outline story construction The Woodcutter& the Axe |Writing | | | | |Recitation |Speaking | | | | | | | | | |*Prose: Quality | Reading Paragraph/Slogan writing on Trees | Understanding |Confidence | | |Poem: Trees |Speech on Freedom is Life |Creative skills |Expression | | |*Supp :I want something in a cage | |Speaking |Content | | | | | |Fluency | | | | | |Presentation | | |*Prose: Expert Detectives | Comprehension check | Understanding Skill |Compre-hension | | |Poem: The Mystery of the Talking Fan. *Supp: |Project on Sherlock Holmes |Writing |Content | | |Chandini | |Analytical |Presentation | | | | | | | |*Prose: The Invention of Vita -Wonk | Comprehension |Reading |Content | | |Poem: Dad & The Cat &The Tree |Paragraph Writing on Wonders of Science |Writing |Pronunciation | | |*Supp: The Bear Story |Recitation |Speaking |accuracy | | | |Discuss –Shoot animals with a Camera-,not a gun. Listening | | | |*Prose: Fire: Friend and Foe |Comprehension |Understanding |Confidence | | |*Prose: A Bicycle in Good Repair |Fire Safety Measures Speech |Speaking |Accuracy | | |Poem: Meadow Surprises |Article Writing –SAVE TIGERS |Writing |fluency | | |*Supp : A Tiger in the House | |Creativity | | | |*Prose: The Story of Cricket I & II |Bio sketch of a favourite cricketer |Writing |Expression | | |Supp: An Alien Hand |Findings about Planet Mars. ( Mini Project) |Investigating |Presentation | | |*Poem : Garden Snake |Cricket quiz |Compeering |Confidence | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Reading 20 | | |FA III 10 | | |Writing 20 | | |FA IV 10 | | |Grammar 15 | | |SA II 40 | | |Literature 25 | | |TOTAL 60 | | |Revision | | | | | | | | | NOTE: In addition to consolidating the items learnt earlier, the following will be introduced and recycled through the Upper Primary Stage (Classes VI, VII and VIII) through the lessons given in the Main Text Books. †¢ Determiners * Passivisation * Linking Words * Adjectives (Comparative and Superlative Forms) *Adverbs (Place and Type), *Modal Auxilliaries * Tense Forms * Word Order in Sentence Types * Clauses * Reported Speech

Conjugation of the Future Tense of Spanish

Conjugation of the Future Tense of Spanish The future tense of Spanish is probably the easiest conjugation pattern of all to learn. Not only is its use much as in English, but its formation is irregular for far fewer verbs than with the other tenses and is the same for all three infinitive endings (-ar, -er and -ir). As you would expect, the future tense is typically used for verbs whose action will take place sometime in the future. Generally, it is the equivalent of the will verb form in English in sentences such as I will go or she will eat. Endings for Future Verbs With regular verbs, the future tense is formed by adding endings to the infinitive as shown in boldface in the list below. Although the verb hablar (to speak) is used as an example, the future is formed in the same way for all regular verbs: yo hablarà ©, I will speaktà º hablars, you (informal second-person singular) will speakusted/à ©l/ella hablar, you (formal second-person singular)/he/she will speaknosotros/nosotras hablaremos, we will speakvosotros/vosotras hablarà ©is, you (informal second-person plural) will speakustedes/ellos/ellas hablarn, you (formal second-person plural)/they will speak If youre familiar with the conjugation of the verb haber, you may notice that these endings are the same as the present tense of haber (an auxiliary verb meaning to have), minus the initial h. Presumably, at some time in the distant past, a conjugated form of haber was placed after the infinitive to form the future tense. Verbs Irregular in the Future Since the ending is placed after the infinitive and includes the syllable that is stressed in the verb, you dont have to worry about the stem changes that are common in the conjugation of many irregular verbs. And since the future tense is a later development in the language, there overall are fewer irregular verbs in the future tense to be concerned with. Even some of the most highly irregular verbs (such as ser, estar and ir) are regular in the future tense. In general, most of the verbs that are irregular in the future tense modify and/or shorten the infinitive, but they all have the correct ending otherwise. Here are the most common examples: caber (to fit): cabrà ©, cabrs, cabr, cabremos, cabrà ©is, cabrndecir (to say): dirà ©, dirs, dir, diremos, dirà ©is, dirnhaber (to have): habrà ©, habrs, habr, habremos,habrà ©is, habrnhacer (to make or do): harà ©, hars, har, haremos, harà ©is, harnpoder (to be able): podrà ©, podrs, podr, podremos, podrà ©is, podrn  poner (to put): pondrà ©, pondrs, pondr, pondremos, podrà ©is, podrnquerer (to want): querrà ©, querrs, podr, podremos, podrà ©is, podrnsaber (to know): sabrà ©, sabrs, sabr, sabremos, sabrà ©is, sabrnsalir (to leave): saldrà ©, saldrs, saldr, saldremos, saldrà ©is, saldrntener (to have): tendrà ©, tendrs, tendr, tendremos, tendrà ©is, tendrnvaler (to have value): valdrà ©, valdrs, valdr, valdremos, valdrà ©is, valdrnvenir (to come): vendrà ©, vendrs, vendr, vendremos, vendrà ©is, vendrn Sample Sentences Showing Use of Future Tense Siete de cada diez personas comprarn un regalo de San Valentà ­n. (Seven out of 10 people will buy a St. Valentines gift.) Creo que estaremos en una desventaja competitiva. (I think we will be at a competitive disadvantage.) Tendrà © muchas otras cosas para hacer. (I will have many other things to do.) Te dir muchas mentiras, pero tà º no sers consciente de ellas hasta que pase un tiempo.  (She will tell you many lies, but you wont be aware of them until some time passes.) Unos aà ±os ms tarde, querrà © ir a verlas a otras ciudades.  (A few years later, I will want to go see other cities.) Habr cinco meses ms para personalizar los coches. (There will be five months for personalizing the cars.) Haremos los arreglos necesarios. (We will make the necessary arrangements.)  ¡No podrn las voces de la oscuridad! (The voices of darkness will not overcome!) El municipio ser el beneficiario y en consecuencia dar las à ³rdenes de pago. (The municipality will be the beneficiary and as a result will give the payment orders. Donde vayan los iremos a buscar. (Where they go we will go looking for them.)  ¿Cà ³mo sabrà © cuando podrà © usar nuevamente mi cuenta? (How will I know when I will be able to use my account again?) Creo que si nos damos prisa llegaremos a tiempo. (I believe if we hurry we will arrive on time.) A fin de aà ±o deberà © 20,000 pesos para cancelar mi deuda. (At the end of end of the year I will owe 20,000 pesos in order to cancel my debt.) Este fin de semana tengo una boda, y llevarà © un vestido verde. (This weekend I have a wedding, and I will wear a green dress.) Me llamars por mi nombre, reconocers mis atributos y mà ©ritos. (You will call me by my name, and you will recognize my attributes and strengths.)